Amino Acid Transporters and Glutamine Metabolism in Breast Cancer

Amino acid transporters are membrane transport proteins, most of which are members of the solute carrier families. Amino acids are essential for the survival of all types of cells, including tumor cells, which have an increased demand for nutrients to facilitate proliferation and cancer progression....

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Published inInternational journal of molecular sciences Vol. 19; no. 3; p. 907
Main Authors Cha, Yoon Jin, Kim, Eun-Sol, Koo, Ja Seung
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 19.03.2018
MDPI
Subjects
Amino Acid Transport Systems - metabolism
amino acid transporters
Amino acids
Breast cancer
Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis
Breast Neoplasms - metabolism
Breast Neoplasms - therapy
Cell proliferation
Drug delivery
Drug delivery systems
Drug metabolism
Female
Glutamine
Glutamine - metabolism
human pathology
Humans
Malignancy
Metabolism
Models, Biological
Nutrients
Proteins
Review
Tracers
transport mechanism
Tumor cells
Tumors
breast cancer
transport mechanism
human pathology
amino acid transporters
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Summary:Amino acid transporters are membrane transport proteins, most of which are members of the solute carrier families. Amino acids are essential for the survival of all types of cells, including tumor cells, which have an increased demand for nutrients to facilitate proliferation and cancer progression. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women worldwide and is still associated with high mortality rates, despite improved treatment strategies. Recent studies have demonstrated that the amino acid metabolic pathway is altered in breast cancer and that amino acid transporters affect tumor growth and progression. In breast cancer, glutamine is one of the key nutrients, and glutamine metabolism is closely related to the amino acid transporters. In this review, we focus on amino acid transporters and their roles in breast cancer. We also highlight the different subsets of upregulated amino acid transporters in breast cancer and discuss their potential applications as treatment targets, cancer imaging tracers, and drug delivery components. Glutamine metabolism as well as its regulation and therapeutic implication in breast cancer are also discussed.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1422-0067
1661-6596
1422-0067
DOI:10.3390/ijms19030907