Role of Metabolism in Bone Development and Homeostasis

• Published in: International journal of molecular sciences Vol. 21; no. 23; p. 8992
• Main Authors: Suzuki, Akiko, Minamide, Mina, Iwaya, Chihiro, Ogata, Kenichi, Iwata, Junichi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 26.11.2020; MDPI
• Subjects: Animals; Biomedical materials; Biosynthesis; Bisphosphonates; bone; Bone Development; bone formation; bone homeostasis; Bone matrix; Bone resorption; Bones; Carbohydrates; Catabolites; Cholesterol; Cytochrome; Dehydrogenases; Diabetes; Homeostasis; Humans; Ligands; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic Networks and Pathways; Metabolic pathways; Metabolism; Metabolites; Mineralization; Minerals; Models, Biological; Mutation; Osteoblasts; Osteoclasts; Osteocytes; Review; Skeleton; Statins; Sterols; bone homeostasis; bone; bone formation; metabolism
• ISSN: 1422-0067; 1661-6596; 1422-0067
• DOI: 10.3390/ijms21238992

Carbohydrates, fats, and proteins are the underlying energy sources for animals and are catabolized through specific biochemical cascades involving numerous enzymes. The catabolites and metabolites in these metabolic pathways are crucial for many cellular functions; therefore, an imbalance and/or dysregulation of these pathways causes cellular dysfunction, resulting in various metabolic diseases. Bone, a highly mineralized organ that serves as a skeleton of the body, undergoes continuous active turnover, which is required for the maintenance of healthy bony components through the deposition and resorption of bone matrix and minerals. This highly coordinated event is regulated throughout life by bone cells such as osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, and requires synchronized activities from different metabolic pathways. Here, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of the cellular metabolism involved in bone development and homeostasis, as revealed by mouse genetic studies.