Alcohol, Smoking, and Body Size in Relation to Incident Hodgkin's and Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Risk

• Published in: American journal of epidemiology Vol. 166; no. 6; pp. 697 - 708
• Main Authors: Lim, Unhee, Morton, Lindsay M., Subar, Amy F., Baris, Dalsu, Stolzenberg-Solomon, Rachael, Leitzmann, Michael, Kipnis, Victor, Mouw, Traci, Carroll, Leslie, Schatzkin, Arthur, Hartge, Patricia
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cary, NC Oxford University Press 15.09.2007; Oxford Publishing Limited (England)
• Subjects: Aged; alcohol drinking; Alcohol Drinking - adverse effects; Alcohol use; Analysis. Health state; Anthropometry; Biological and medical sciences; body height; Body Size; Chi-Square Distribution; Epidemiology; Female; General aspects; Hematologic and hematopoietic diseases; Hodgkin disease; Hodgkin Disease - epidemiology; Hodgkin Disease - etiology; Humans; Incidence; Leukemias. Malignant lymphomas. Malignant reticulosis. Myelofibrosis; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - epidemiology; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - etiology; Male; Medical sciences; Middle Aged; motor activity; non-Hodgkin; Obesity; Proportional Hazards Models; Prospective Studies; Public health. Hygiene; Public health. Hygiene-occupational medicine; Risk factors; SEER Program; Smoking; Smoking - adverse effects; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco, tobacco smoking; Toxicology; United States - epidemiology; United States; prospective studies; smoking; Hodgkin disease; body height; lymphoma, non-Hodgkin; alcohol drinking; obesity; motor activity; Anthropometry; Tobacco smoking; Activity; Alcohol; Risk; Epidemiology; Incidence; alcohol drinking; body height; Hodgkin disease; lymphoma; Prospective; non-Hodgkin; motor activity; obesity; prospective studies; smoking; Lymphoproliferative syndrome; Nutritional status; Public health; Human; Obesity; Ethanol; Nutrition disorder; Drinking; Corporal biometry; Malignant hemopathy; Non Hodgkin lymphoma; Tobacco; Body size; Risk factor; Cancer
• ISSN: 0002-9262; 1476-6256
• DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwm122

Studies associate alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and body size with the risk of overall or subtype lymphoma. Current data come mostly from case-control studies or prospective studies with few cases. In the prospective National Institutes of Health-former American Association of Retired Persons (NIH-AARP) Diet and Health Study, the authors assessed the above lifestyle factors via baseline questionnaire among 285,079 men and 188,905 women aged 50–71 years and ascertained histologically confirmed Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 58) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (n = 1,381) cases through linkage with cancer registries from 1995 to 2000. Compared with nondrinkers, alcohol consumers had a lower risk for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma overall (for >28 drinks/week: adjusted relative risk (RR) = 0.77, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.59, 1.00; ptrend among drinkers = 0.02) and for its main subtypes. Compared with never smokers, current smokers and recent quitters (≤4 years ago) had higher risk of Hodgkin's lymphoma (RR = 2.25, 95% CI: 1.04, 4.89; RR = 4.20, 95% CI: 1.94, 9.09, respectively), whereas current or former smokers had lower risk of follicular non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (RR = 0.67, 95% CI: 0.52, 0.86). Severe obesity (body mass index of ≥35: RR = 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.64) and taller height (RR = 1.19, 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38) were associated moderately with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. These findings add to the evidence that lifestyle factors and relevant anthropometric characteristics play a role in lymphoma etiology.