Concise Review: MicroRNA Function in Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are ideal candidates for different cellular therapies due to their simple isolation, extensive expansion potential, and low immunogenicity. For various therapeutic approaches, such as bone and cartilage repair, MSCs are expected to contribute by direct di...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inStem cells (Dayton, Ohio) Vol. 32; no. 5; pp. 1074 - 1082
Main Authors Clark, Elizabeth A., Kalomoiris, Stefanos, Nolta, Jan A., Fierro, Fernando A.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Oxford University Press 01.05.2014
Subjects
Animals
Cell Differentiation - genetics
Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy - methods
Gene Expression Profiling
Gene Expression Regulation
Humans
Immune response
Immunogenicity
Marrow stromal stem cells
Medical research
Mesenchymal stem cells
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - cytology
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells - metabolism
microRNA
MicroRNAs - genetics
Stem cells
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Summary:Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are ideal candidates for different cellular therapies due to their simple isolation, extensive expansion potential, and low immunogenicity. For various therapeutic approaches, such as bone and cartilage repair, MSCs are expected to contribute by direct differentiation to replace the damaged tissue, while many other applications rely on the secretion of paracrine factors which modulate the immune response and promote angiogenesis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which target messenger RNA for cleavage or translational repression, have recently been shown to play critical functions in MSC to regulate differentiation, paracrine activity, and other cellular properties such as proliferation, survival, and migration. The global miRNA expression profile of MSC varies according to the tissue of origin, species, and detection methodology, while also certain miRNAs are consistently found in all types of MSC. The function in MSC of more than 60 different miRNAs has been recently described, which is the subject of this review. A special emphasis is given to miRNAs that have demonstrated a function in MSC in vivo. We also present in detail miRNAs with overlapping effects (i.e., common target genes) and discuss future directions to deepen our understanding of miRNA biology in MSC. These recent discoveries have opened the possibility of modulating miRNAs in MSC, in order to enhance their proregenerative, therapeutic potential. Stem Cells 2014;32:1074–1082
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E.A.C. and F.A.F.: conception and design, data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing, and final approval of manuscript; S.K.: data analysis and interpretation, manuscript writing, and final approval of manuscript; J.A.N.: financial support, manuscript writing, and final approval of manuscript.
Author Contribution
ISSN:1066-5099
1549-4918
1549-4918
DOI:10.1002/stem.1623