Selective Detection of Nano-Sized Diagnostic Markers Using Au-ZnO Nanorod-Based Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) in Ureteral Obstruction Models

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine Vol. 15; pp. 8121 - 8130
• Main Authors: Lee, Sanghwa, Namgoong, Jung-Man, Jue, Miyeon, Joung, Yujin, Ryu, Chae-Min, Shin, Dong-Myung, Choo, Myung-Soo, Kim, Jun Ki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2020; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Dove; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Abdomen; Analysis; Animals; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - urine; Bladder; Collagen - urine; Disease; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Fibrosis; Gold - chemistry; Kidney - pathology; Kidney diseases; Kidney Diseases - diagnosis; Kidney Diseases - pathology; Kidney Diseases - urine; Kidneys; Laboratory animals; Medical research; Morphology; nano-sized biomarker; Nanotubes - chemistry; Original Research; Phenylalanine - urine; principal component analysis; Principal components analysis; Raman spectroscopy; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; renal injury; Spectrum analysis; Spectrum Analysis, Raman - instrumentation; Spectrum Analysis, Raman - methods; Statistical analysis; surface-enhanced raman spectroscopy; Ureteral obstruction; Ureteral Obstruction - complications; Ureteral Obstruction - diagnosis; Urinalysis - instrumentation; Urinalysis - methods; Urine; Wire; Zinc oxide; Zinc Oxide - chemistry; zno nanorods; South Korea; United States > US; Japan; ZnO nanorods; nano-sized biomarker; ureteral obstruction; principal component analysis; renal injury; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1176-9114; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S272500

This study investigated the diagnosis of renal diseases using a biochip capable of detecting nano-sized biomarkers. Raman measurements from a kidney injury model were taken, and the feasibility of early diagnosis was assessed. Rat models with mild and severe unilateral ureteral obstructions were created, with the injury to the kidney varying according to the tightness of the stricture. After generating the animal ureteral obstruction models, urine was collected from the kidney and bladder. After confirming the presence of renal injury, urine drops were placed onto a Raman chip whose surface had been enhanced with Au-ZnO nanorods, allowing nano-sized biomarkers that diffused into the nanogaps to be selectively amplified. The Raman signals varied according to the severity of the renal damage, and these differences were statistically confirmed. These results confirm that ureteral stricture causes kidney injury and that signals in the urine from the release of nano-biomarkers can be monitored using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.