MicroRNA dysregulation as a prognostic biomarker in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most potentially curable cancers, yet it remains the fourth most common overall cause of cancer death worldwide. The identification of robust molecular prognostic biomarkers can refine the conventional tumor-node-metastasis staging system, avoid understaging of...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCancer management and research Vol. 6; no. default; pp. 405 - 422
Main Authors Dong, Yujuan, Yu, Jun, Ng, Simon Sm
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2014
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Dove Medical Press
Subjects
Biomarkers
Care and treatment
Cell cycle
Clinical outcomes
Colorectal cancer
Diagnosis
Epigenetics
Genetic aspects
Health aspects
Lymphatic system
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
MicroRNA
MicroRNAs
Polymerase chain reaction
Review
Single nucleotide polymorphisms
China
Hong Kong
microsatellite instability
microRNA
prognostic biomarker
colorectal cancer
single-nucleotide polymorphism
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Summary:Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most potentially curable cancers, yet it remains the fourth most common overall cause of cancer death worldwide. The identification of robust molecular prognostic biomarkers can refine the conventional tumor-node-metastasis staging system, avoid understaging of tumor, and help pinpoint patients with early-stage CRC who may benefit from aggressive treatments. Recently, epigenetic studies have provided new molecular evidence to better categorize the CRC subtypes and predict clinical outcomes. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the prognostic potential of microRNAs (miRNAs) in CRC. We first discuss the prognostic value of three tissue miRNAs (miR-21-5p, miR-29-3p, miR-148-3p) that have been examined in multiple studies. We also summarize the dysregulation of miRNA processing machinery DICER in CRC and its association with risk for mortality. We also reviewe the potential application of miRNA-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms as prognostic biomarkers for CRC, especially the miRNA-associated polymorphism in the KRAS gene. Last but not least, we discuss the microsatellite instability-related miRNA candidates. Among all these candidates, miR-21-5p is the most promising prognostic marker, yet further prospective validation studies are required before it can go into clinical usage.
Bibliography:ObjectType-Article-2
SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1
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ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:1179-1322
1179-1322
DOI:10.2147/CMAR.S35164