Global Increase in Breast Cancer Incidence: Risk Factors and Preventive Measures

• Published in: BioMed research international Vol. 2022; pp. 9605439 - 16
• Main Authors: Kashyap, Dharambir, Pal, Deeksha, Sharma, Riya, Garg, Vivek Kumar, Goel, Neelam, Koundal, Deepika, Zaguia, Atef, Koundal, Shubham, Belay, Assaye
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Hindawi 18.04.2022; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Hindawi Limited
• Subjects: Age; Alcohol; Artificial Intelligence; Biopsy; Body mass index; Breast cancer; Breast Neoplasms - diagnosis; Breast Neoplasms - epidemiology; Breast Neoplasms - prevention & control; Cancer screening; Cancer therapies; Chemotherapy; Childbirth & labor; Confidence intervals; COVID-19; Diagnosis; Disease prevention; Early Detection of Cancer; Epidemiology; Estrogens; Female; Gene expression; Globalization; Health risks; Heterogeneity; Humans; Incidence; International aspects; Low income groups; Marriage; Menopause; Metastasis; Mortality; Mutation; Prevention; Puberty; Risk analysis; Risk Factors; Womens health; India
• ISSN: 2314-6133; 2314-6141; 2314-6141
• DOI: 10.1155/2022/9605439

Breast cancer is a global cause for concern owing to its high incidence around the world. The alarming increase in breast cancer cases emphasizes the management of disease at multiple levels. The management should start from the beginning that includes stringent cancer screening or cancer registry to effective diagnostic and treatment strategies. Breast cancer is highly heterogeneous at morphology as well as molecular levels and needs different therapeutic regimens based on the molecular subtype. Breast cancer patients with respective subtype have different clinical outcome prognoses. Breast cancer heterogeneity emphasizes the advanced molecular testing that will help on-time diagnosis and improved survival. Emerging fields such as liquid biopsy and artificial intelligence would help to under the complexity of breast cancer disease and decide the therapeutic regimen that helps in breast cancer management. In this review, we have discussed various risk factors and advanced technology available for breast cancer diagnosis to combat the worst breast cancer status and areas that need to be focused for the better management of breast cancer.