Cytotoxicity induced by carbon nanotubes in experimental malignant glioma

• Published in: International journal of nanomedicine Vol. 12; pp. 6005 - 6026
• Main Authors: Romano-Feinholz, Samuel, Salazar-Ramiro, Alelí, Muñoz-Sandoval, Emilio, Magaña-Maldonado, Roxana, Hernández Pedro, Norma, Rangel López, Edgar, González Aguilar, Alberto, Sánchez García, Aurora, Sotelo, Julio, Pérez de la Cruz, Verónica, Pineda, Benjamín
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01.01.2017; Taylor & Francis Ltd; Dove Medical Press
• Subjects: Animals; Apoptosis; Apoptosis - drug effects; Astrocytes - drug effects; Biocompatibility; Brain cancer; Brain Neoplasms - drug therapy; Brain Neoplasms - pathology; Cancer research; Cancer therapies; Cancer treatment; Carbon; Carbon nanotubes; Cell Death - drug effects; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Chemical properties; Chemical vapor deposition; Chemotherapy; Colorectal cancer; Cytotoxicity; Drug therapy; Gastric cancer; glioblastoma therapy; Glioblastomas; Glioma; Glioma - drug therapy; Glioma - pathology; Graphite; Health aspects; Laboratories; malignant glioma; Nanomaterials; Nanomedicine; Nanoparticles; Nanotubes; Nanotubes, Carbon - chemistry; Nanotubes, Carbon - toxicity; Neoplasms, Experimental - drug therapy; Neurosurgery; Nitrogen; Original Research; Radiation therapy; Rats; temozolomide; Tumors; United States; United States > US; Mexico; temozolomide; carbon nanotubes; malignant glioma; glioblastoma therapy
• ISSN: 1178-2013; 1176-9114; 1178-2013
• DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S139004

Despite multiple advances in the diagnosis of brain tumors, there is no effective treatment for glioblastoma. Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), which were previously used as a diagnostic and drug delivery tool, have now been explored as a possible therapy against neoplasms. However, although the toxicity profile of nanotubes is dependent on the physicochemical characteristics of specific particles, there are no studies exploring how the effectivity of the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) is affected by different methods of production. In this study, we characterize the structure and biocompatibility of four different types of MWCNTs in rat astrocytes and in RG2 glioma cells as well as the induction of cell lysis and possible additive effect of the combination of MWCNTs with temozolomide. We used undoped MWCNTs (labeled simply as MWCNTs) and nitrogen-doped MWCNTs (labeled as N-MWCNTs). The average diameter of both pristine MWCNTs and pristine N-MWCNTs was ~22 and ~35 nm, respectively. In vitro and in vivo results suggested that these CNTs can be used as adjuvant therapy along with the standard treatment to increase the survival of rats implanted with malignant glioma.