Lipid zonation and phospholipid remodeling in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress from simple steatosis (i.e., nonalcoholic fatty liver [NAFL]) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and cancer. Currently, the driver for this progression is not fully understood; in particular, it is not known how NAFLD and its earl...
Saved in:
Published in | Hepatology (Baltimore, Md.) Vol. 65; no. 4; pp. 1165 - 1180 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
01.04.2017
John Wiley and Sons Inc |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can progress from simple steatosis (i.e., nonalcoholic fatty liver [NAFL]) to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis, and cancer. Currently, the driver for this progression is not fully understood; in particular, it is not known how NAFLD and its early progression affects the distribution of lipids in the liver, producing lipotoxicity and inflammation. In this study, we used dietary and genetic mouse models of NAFL and NASH and translated the results to humans by correlating the spatial distribution of lipids in liver tissue with disease progression using advanced mass spectrometry imaging technology. We identified several lipids with distinct zonal distributions in control and NAFL samples and observed partial to complete loss of lipid zonation in NASH. In addition, we found increased hepatic expression of genes associated with remodeling the phospholipid membrane, release of arachidonic acid (AA) from the membrane, and production of eicosanoid species that promote inflammation and cell injury. The results of our immunohistochemistry analyses suggest that the zonal location of remodeling enzyme LPCAT2 plays a role in the change in spatial distribution for AA‐containing lipids. This results in a cycle of AA‐enrichment in pericentral hepatocytes, membrane release of AA, and generation of proinflammatory eicosanoids and may account for increased oxidative damage in pericentral regions in NASH. Conclusion: NAFLD is associated not only with lipid enrichment, but also with zonal changes of specific lipids and their associated metabolic pathways. This may play a role in the heterogeneous development of NAFLD. (Hepatology 2017;65:1165‐1180) |
---|---|
Bibliography: | J.L.G., Z.H., N.J.B., A.K., M.V., and Z.A. were funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) (Lipid Profiling and Signalling, MC UP A90 1006 & Lipid Dynamics and Regulation, MC PC 13030). A.V.P., M.A., and M.V. are members of the EPoS (Elucidating Pathways of Steatohepatitis) consortium, which is funded by the Horizon 2020 Framework Program of the European Union under Grant Agreement 634413. A.V.P., S.V., and M.V. were supported by MRC MDU and MRC DMC (MC UU 12012/2). M.A., A.V.P., and J.L.G. received research support from the Evelyn Trust and the Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. Potential conflict of interest: Dr. Allison advises Norgine. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 |
ISSN: | 0270-9139 1527-3350 |
DOI: | 10.1002/hep.28953 |