The most important biomarker associated with coagulation and inflammation among COVID-19 patients

• Published in: Molecular and cellular biochemistry Vol. 476; no. 7; pp. 2877 - 2885
• Main Authors: Hong, Ling-Zhi, Shou, Zhang-Xuan, Zheng, De-Ming, Jin, Xue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.07.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abnormalities; Acute respiratory distress syndrome; Analysis; Biochemistry; Biomarkers; Biomarkers - blood; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Blood; Blood Coagulation; Blood Coagulation Disorders - blood; Blood Coagulation Disorders - etiology; Blood coagulation factors; Cardiology; Coagulation; Complications; Coronaviruses; COVID-19; COVID-19 - blood; COVID-19 - complications; COVID-19 - physiopathology; Degradation products; Dimers; Ferritin; Ferritins - blood; Fibrin; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products - analysis; Fibrinogen; Health aspects; Humans; Infection; Infections; Inflammation; Inflammation - blood; Interleukin 6; Interleukin-6 - blood; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase - blood; Life Sciences; Lungs; Medical Biochemistry; Medical examination; Oncology; Platelet Count; Platelets; Prophylaxis; Prothrombin; Receptors, Immunologic - blood; Respiratory failure; Severe acute respiratory syndrome; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Thromboembolism; Thromboplastin; Viral diseases; Virus diseases; Viruses; COVID-19; D-dimer; Coagulation
• ISSN: 0300-8177; 1573-4919; 1573-4919
• DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04122-4

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by SARS-Cov-2 can be related to coagulopathy. Also, the infection-induced inflammatory changes are found in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). The lack of previous immunity to COVID-19 has caused infection of a large number of patients worldwide and unpredictability regarding the management of the complications that appear in the course of this viral illness. Lungs are the most important target organ of the SARS-COV-2. In COVID-19 patients, acute lung injury leads to respiratory failure. However, multiorgan failure can also occur in these patients. The primary coagulopathy of COVID-19 is marked by a considerable elevation of D-dimer, ferritin, and fibrinogen degradation products. In comparison, abnormalities in platelet count, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time are partly uncommon in initial presentations. Inflammatory biomarkers including CRP, LDH, and IL-6 are significantly elevated in the early stages of the disease. In this regard, inflammation-associated biomarkers and coagulation test screening, including the assessment of IL-6, CRP, LDH, D-dimer, platelet count, PT&PTT time, ferritin, and fibrinogen levels are suggested for detecting infection by this virus. Overall, COVID-19-associated coagulopathy should be managed like other patients with critical conditions, and supportive care and thromboembolic prophylaxis should be used for severe patients.