Functional Aspects of PARP1 in DNA Repair and Transcription

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an ADP-ribosylating enzyme essential for initiating various forms of DNA repair. Inhibiting its enzyme activity with small molecules thus achieves synthetic lethality by preventing unwanted DNA repair in the treatment of cancers. Through enzyme-dependent chr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inBiomolecules Vol. 2; no. 4; pp. 524 - 548
Main Authors Ko, Hui Ling, Ren, Ee Chee
Format Journal Article Book Review
LanguageEnglish
Published Switzerland MDPI AG 12.11.2012
MDPI
Subjects
ADP-ribosylation
cancer
DNA repair
inflammation
oncogenic virus
PARP inhibitors
Review
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Summary:Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is an ADP-ribosylating enzyme essential for initiating various forms of DNA repair. Inhibiting its enzyme activity with small molecules thus achieves synthetic lethality by preventing unwanted DNA repair in the treatment of cancers. Through enzyme-dependent chromatin remodeling and enzyme-independent motif recognition, PARP1 also plays important roles in regulating gene expression. Besides presenting current findings on how each process is individually controlled by PARP1, we shall discuss how transcription and DNA repair are so intricately linked that disturbance by PARP1 enzymatic inhibition, enzyme hyperactivation in diseases, and viral replication can favor one function while suppressing the other.
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ISSN:2218-273X
2218-273X
DOI:10.3390/biom2040524