Exosome-functionalized polyetheretherketone-based implant with immunomodulatory property for enhancing osseointegration

• Published in: Bioactive materials Vol. 6; no. 9; pp. 2754 - 2766
• Main Authors: Fan, Lei, Guan, Pengfei, Xiao, Cairong, Wen, Huiquan, Wang, Qiyou, Liu, Can, Luo, Yian, Ma, Limin, Tan, Guoxin, Yu, Peng, Zhou, Lei, Ning, Chengyun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China Elsevier B.V 01.09.2021; KeAi Publishing; KeAi Communications Co., Ltd
• Subjects: BMSC-Derived exosomes; Bone regeneration; Macrophages polarization; Osteoimmunology; Polyetheretherketone; Polyetheretherketone; Macrophages polarization; Osteoimmunology; Bone regeneration; BMSC-Derived exosomes
• ISSN: 2452-199X; 2452-199X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.02.005

The host immune response effecting on biomaterials is critical to determine implant fates and bone regeneration property. Bone marrow stem cells (BMSCs) derived exosomes (Exos) contain multiple biosignal molecules and have been demonstrated to exhibit immunomodulatory functions. Herein, we develop a BMSC-derived Exos–functionalized implant to accelerate bone integration by immunoregulation. BMSC-derived Exos were reversibly incorporated on tannic acid (TA) modified sulfonated polyetheretherketone (SPEEK) via the strong interaction of TA with biomacromolecules. The slowly released Exos from SPEEK can be phagocytosed by co-cultured cells, which could efficiently improve the biocompatibilities of SPEEK. In vitro results showed the Exos loaded SPEEK promoted macrophage M2 polarization via the NF-κB pathway to enhance BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. Further in vivo rat air-pouch model and rat femoral drilling model assessment of Exos loaded SPEEK revealed efficient macrophage M2 polarization, desirable new bone formation, and satisfactory osseointegration. Thus, BMSC-derived Exos–functionalized implant exerted osteoimmunomodulation effect to promote osteogenesis. [Display omitted] •The implanted biomaterials as foreign substances trigger a cascade of immune responses.•BMSC-derived exosomes with immunomodulatory were suitable for bioactive coating to exert osteoimmunomodulation effect.•Exosome-functionalized SPEEK can modulate macrophages M2 polarization via NF‐κB pathway.•Exosome-functionalized SPEEK with osteoimmunomodulation properties can promote osseointegration.