Development of peptide inhibitors of HIV transmission

• Published in: Bioactive materials Vol. 1; no. 2; pp. 109 - 121
• Main Authors: Shi, Siyu, Nguyen, Peter K., Cabral, Henry J., Diez-Barroso, Ramon, Derry, Paul J., Kanahara, Satoko M., Kumar, Vivek A.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: China Elsevier B.V 01.12.2016; KeAi Publishing; KeAi Communications Co., Ltd
• Subjects: Bioactive polymers and gel; Drug development; HIV; HIV treatment; Peptide inhibitor; Peptide therapeutic; FDA; RT; Peptide therapeutic; CDC; ART; LEDGF; NNRTI; AIDS; INSTI; Drug development; HIV treatment; R&D; Peptide inhibitor; FY; HIV; HCV; NRTI; HAART; HCV, hepatitis C Virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; CDC, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; FDA, US Food and Drug Administration; AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome; HAART, highly active antiretroviral therapy; FY, fiscal year; NNRTI, Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; R&D, research and development; NRTI, Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; INSTI, Integrase strand transfer inhibitors; LEDGF, lens epithelium-derived growth factor; RT, reverse transcriptase; ART, antiretroviral therapy
• ISSN: 2452-199X; 2452-199X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2016.09.004

Treatment of HIV has long faced the challenge of high mutation rates leading to rapid development of resistance, with ongoing need to develop new methods to effectively fight the infection. Traditionally, early HIV medications were designed to inhibit RNA replication and protein production through small molecular drugs. Peptide based therapeutics are a versatile, promising field in HIV therapy, which continues to develop as we expand our understanding of key protein-protein interactions that occur in HIV replication and infection. This review begins with an introduction to HIV, followed by the biological basis of disease, current clinical management of the disease, therapeutics on the market, and finally potential avenues for improved drug development. This review discusses the biological basis of HIV, the current clinical management of the disease, the therapeutics developed to treat HIV, and the potential strategies for improving HIV drug development. It explores new methods for developing HIV therapeutics that aim to produce effective drugs in the treatment of HIV. Specifically, it looks at peptide inhibitors currently being researched that show promise for HIV treatment. [Display omitted] •HIV hard to control, manage, and infectious with billions spent on research for prevention and treatment.•This review summarizes the biological basis of HIV, current management, and improved drug development.•It explores peptide inhibitors as a promising new therapeutic for HIV treatment.