Effects of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside on metabolic enzymes and AMPK in the liver tissue of STZ-induced diabetes in mice

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; pp. 16167 - 14
• Main Authors: Aodah, Alhussain H., Alkholifi, Faisal K., Alharthy, Khalid M., Devi, Sushma, Foudah, Ahmed I., Yusufoglu, Hasan S., Alam, Aftab
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 13.07.2024; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 631/337; 631/45; 692/163; AMP-activated protein kinase; AMP-Activated Protein Kinases - metabolism; AMPK; Animals; Blood; Blood glucose; Blood Glucose - drug effects; Blood Glucose - metabolism; Blood levels; Carbohydrate metabolism; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - drug therapy; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental - metabolism; Disease management; Dyslipidemia; Enzymatic activity; Enzymes; Fasting; Fat metabolism; Flavonoids; Gluconeogenesis; Glycolysis; Glycolytic enzymes; Humanities and Social Sciences; Hyperglycemia; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; Insulin; Insulin - blood; Insulin - metabolism; Insulin secretion; Kaempherol-3-rhamnoside; Kinases; Liver - drug effects; Liver - metabolism; Liver diseases; Male; Metabolic disorders; Metabolic rate; Metabolism; Mice; multidisciplinary; Oxidative stress; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Protein turnover; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Streptozocin; AMPK; Kaempherol-3-rhamnoside; Diabetes; Insulin; Glycolytic enzymes
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66426-x

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. It involves disturbances in carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism due to defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Novel therapeutic approaches are continuously being explored to enhance metabolic control and prevent complications associated with the disease. This study investigates the therapeutic potential of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside, a flavonoid, in managing diabetes by modulating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) pathway and improving metabolic enzyme activities in streptozotocin (STZ) -induced diabetic mice. Diabetic mice were treated with varying doses of kaempherol-3-rhamnoside and/or insulin over a 28-day period. Glycolytic and gluconeogenesis enzyme activities in the liver, fasting blood glucose levels, serum insulin levels, lipid profiles and oxidative stress markers were assessed. Treatment with kaempherol-3-rhamnoside significantly improved glycolytic enzyme activities, reduced fasting blood glucose, and enhanced insulin levels compared to diabetic controls. The compound also normalized lipid profiles and reduced oxidative stress in the liver, suggesting its potential in reversing diabetic dyslipidemia and oxidative damage. Furthermore, kaempherol-3-rhamnoside activated the AMPK pathway, indicating a mechanism through which it could exert its effects. Kaempherol-3-rhamnoside exhibits promising antidiabetic properties, potentially through AMPK pathway activation and metabolic enzyme modulation. These findings support its potential use as an adjunct therapy for diabetes management. Further clinical studies are warranted to validate these results in human subjects.