Fuchs Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy

• Published in: The ocular surface Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 173 - 184
• Main Authors: Elhalis, Hussain, MD, Azizi, Behrooz, MD, Jurkunas, Ula V., MD
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01.10.2010
• Subjects: Animals; antioxidants; apoptosis; collagen VIII; corneal endothelium; Disease Models, Animal; Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy; Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy - etiology; Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy - genetics; Fuchs' Endothelial Dystrophy - pathology; genetics; Humans; Ophthalmology; oxidative stress; proteomics; genetics; proteomics; antioxidants; apoptosis; corneal endothelium; Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy; collagen VIII; oxidative stress
• ISSN: 1542-0124; 1937-5913
• DOI: 10.1016/S1542-0124(12)70232-X

Abstract Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD) is characterized by progressive loss of corneal endothelial cells, thickening of Descement's membrane and deposition of extracellular matrix in the form of guttae. When the number of endothelial cells becomes critically low, the cornea swells and causes loss of vision. The clinical course of FECD usually spans 10-20 years. Corneal transplantation is currently the only modality used to restore vision. Over the last several decades genetic studies have detected several genes, as well as areas of chromosomal loci associated with the disease. Proteomic studies have given rise to several hypotheses regarding the pathogenesis of FECD. This review expands upon the recent findings from proteomic and genetic studies and builds upon recent advances in understanding the causes of this common corneal disorder.