Domain-specific p53 mutants activate EGFR by distinct mechanisms exposing tissue-independent therapeutic vulnerabilities

• Published in: Nature communications Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 1726
• Main Authors: Ho, Teresa Lai Fong, Lee, May Yin, Goh, Hui Chin, Ng, Germaine Yi Ning, Lee, Jane Jia Hui, Kannan, Srinivasaraghavan, Lim, Yan Ting, Zhao, Tianyun, Lim, Edwin Kok Hao, Phua, Cheryl Zi Jin, Lee, Yi Fei, Lim, Rebecca Yi Xuan, Ng, Perry Jun Hao, Yuan, Ju, Chan, Dedrick Kok Hong, Lieske, Bettina, Chong, Choon Seng, Lee, Kuok Chung, Lum, Jeffrey, Cheong, Wai Kit, Yeoh, Khay Guan, Tan, Ker Kan, Sobota, Radoslaw M., Verma, Chandra S., Lane, David P., Tam, Wai Leong, Venkitaraman, Ashok R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 28.03.2023; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 13/106; 631/67/395; 631/80/86/2368; 64/60; 82/58; 96/95; 96/98; AKT protein; c-Myc protein; Carcinogenesis; Carcinogens; Cyclin D1; Cytosol; Epidermal growth factor; Epidermal growth factor receptors; ErbB Receptors - genetics; ErbB Receptors - metabolism; Gene expression; Growth factors; Humanities and Social Sciences; Localization; Molecular modelling; multidisciplinary; Mutants; Mutation; Myc protein; p53 Protein; Phosphorylation; Receptors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); SHP-1 protein; Signal Transduction; Signaling; Transcriptional Activation; Tumor suppression; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism
• ISSN: 2041-1723; 2041-1723
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-37223-3

Mis-sense mutations affecting TP53 promote carcinogenesis both by inactivating tumor suppression, and by conferring pro-carcinogenic activities. We report here that p53 DNA-binding domain (DBD) and transactivation domain (TAD) mis-sense mutants unexpectedly activate pro-carcinogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling via distinct, previously unrecognized molecular mechanisms. DBD- and TAD-specific TP53 mutants exhibited different cellular localization and induced distinct gene expression profiles. In multiple tissues, EGFR is stabilized by TAD and DBD mutants in the cytosolic and nuclear compartments respectively. TAD mutants promote EGFR-mediated signaling by enhancing EGFR interaction with AKT via DDX31 in the cytosol. Conversely, DBD mutants maintain EGFR activity in the nucleus, by blocking EGFR interaction with the phosphatase SHP1, triggering c-Myc and Cyclin D1 upregulation. Our findings suggest that p53 mutants carrying gain-of-function, mis-sense mutations affecting two different domains form new protein complexes that promote carcinogenesis by enhancing EGFR signaling via distinctive mechanisms, exposing clinically relevant therapeutic vulnerabilities. Here the authors identify distinct mechanisms by which domain-specific p53 mutations activate cancer cell growth via the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). These mechanisms affect sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors, opening avenues for targeted therapy.