Rapid, label-free, and sensitive point-of-care testing of anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgM/IgG using all-fiber Fresnel reflection microfluidic biosensor

• Published in: Mikrochimica acta (1966) Vol. 188; no. 8; p. 261
• Main Authors: Xu, Wenjuan, Liu, Jiayao, Song, Dan, Li, Chunsheng, Zhu, Anna, Long, Feng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Vienna Springer Vienna 01.08.2021; Springer; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Analytical Chemistry; Antibodies; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Antibodies, Viral - immunology; Biomarkers; Biosensing Techniques - methods; Biosensors; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; COVID-19 - diagnosis; COVID-19 Serological Testing - methods; Detectors; Dilution; Equipment and supplies; Fiber optics; Health aspects; Humans; IgG antibody; Immunoassay; Immunoassay - methods; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin G - blood; Immunoglobulin G - immunology; Immunoglobulin M - blood; Immunoglobulin M - immunology; Incident light; Light reflection; Light transmission; Limit of Detection; Microengineering; Microfluidic Analytical Techniques - methods; Microfluidics; Nanochemistry; Nanotechnology; Onsite; Original Paper; Point of care testing; SARS-CoV-2 - chemistry; SARS-CoV-2 - immunology; Sensitivity and Specificity; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus - immunology; Transmission efficiency; Immunoglobulin M; Point-of-care testing; Fresnel reflection biosensor; SARS-CoV-2; Immunoglobulin G
• ISSN: 0026-3672; 1436-5073; 1436-5073
• DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04911-0

The ongoing global pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 has promoted to develop novel serological testing technologies since they can be effectively complementary to RT-PCR. Here, a new all-fiber Fresnel reflection microfluidic biosensor (FRMB) was constructed through combining all-fiber optical system, microfluidic chip, and multimode fiber bio-probe. The transmission of the incident light and the collection and transmission of Fresnel reflection light are achieved using a single-multi-mode fiber optic coupler (SMFC) without any other optical separation elements. This compact design greatly simplifies the whole system structure and improves light transmission efficiency, which makes it suitable for the label-free, sensitive, and easy-to-use point-of-care testing (POCT) of targets in nanoliter samples. Based on Fresnel reflection mechanism and immunoassay principle, both the SARS-CoV-2 IgM and IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein could be sensitively quantified in 7 min using the secondary antibodies-modified multimode fiber bio-probe. The FRMB performs in one-step, is accurate, label-free, and sensitive in situ/on-site detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM or IgG in serum with simple dilution only. The limits of detection of SARS-CoV-2 IgM and SARS-CoV-2 IgG were 0.82 ng/mL and 0.45 ng/mL, respectively. Based on our proposed theory, the affinity constants of SARS-CoV-2 IgM or IgG antibody and their respective secondary antibodies were also determined. The FRMB can be readily extended as a universal platform for the label-free, rapid, and sensitive in situ/on-site measurement of other biomarkers and the investigation of biomolecular interaction. Graphical abstract