Serum anti-malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde IgA antibody concentration improves prediction of coronary atherosclerosis beyond traditional risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 12; no. 1; p. 10547
• Main Authors: Lomzenski, Hannah E., Thiele, Geoffrey M., Duryee, Michael J., Chen, Sheau-Chiann, Ye, Fei, Anderson, Daniel R., Mikuls, Ted R., Ormseth, Michelle J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 22.06.2022; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 692/4019; 692/4023/1670/498; 692/499; 692/53; Acetaldehyde; Antibodies; Arteriosclerosis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Atherosclerosis; Atherosclerosis - etiology; Autoantibodies; Autoimmune diseases; C-Reactive Protein; Calcification (ectopic); Cardiovascular diseases; Coronary artery; Coronary Artery Disease; Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; Health risks; High density lipoprotein; Humanities and Social Sciences; Humans; Immunogenicity; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin G; Immunoglobulin M; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Malondialdehyde; multidisciplinary; Oxidative stress; Predictions; Protein adducts; Rheumatoid arthritis; Risk Factors; Science; Science (multidisciplinary)
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-14954-9

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased atherosclerosis; oxidative stress may be a contributor. Oxidative stress produces immunogenic malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde (MAA) protein adducts and anti-MAA antibodies are detectable in human serum. We hypothesized that anti-MAA antibody concentrations are associated with coronary atherosclerosis in RA patients. Serum concentrations of anti-MAA antibodies (IgA, IgG, and IgM) were measured in 166 RA patients using ELISA cross-sectionally. Relationship between anti-MAA antibody concentrations and cardiovascular and metabolic measures and predictive accuracy of anti-MAA antibodies for presence of coronary artery calcium (CAC) and high CAC (≥ 300 Agatston units or ≥ 75 th percentile) were assessed. Only serum IgA anti-MAA antibody concentration was associated with increased CAC, insulin resistance, and decreased high-density lipoprotein particle number. When added as an interaction term with ACC/AHA 10-year risk score plus high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, IgA anti-MAA antibody concentration improved the C-statistic for prediction of any CAC and high CAC compared to ACC/AHA 10-year risk score plus hs-CRP alone. IgA anti-MAA concentration is associated with multiple cardiovascular risk factors and modifies the relationship between ACC/AHA 10-year risk score and CAC in RA patients. IgA anti-MAA concentration could assist in prediction of atherosclerotic CVD and risk stratification when added to standard measures of cardiovascular risk.