Morphometric delineation of administrative boundaries and classification of threatened categories of small watersheds in transboundary rivers

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 13; no. 1; pp. 1652 - 9
• Main Authors: Anshumali, Pandey, Rahul Kumar, Gupta, Rahul Kumar, Kumar, Sanchit
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 30.01.2023; Nature Publishing Group; Nature Portfolio
• Subjects: 704/106; 704/172; 704/242; Boundaries; Classification; Creeks & streams; Drainage; Drainage density; Endangered species; Humanities and Social Sciences; Inland waters; multidisciplinary; River basins; Rivers; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Streams; Transboundary waters; Tributaries; Watersheds
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28913-5

The ecological conservation of large rivers is impossible unless immediate attention is given to protecting their small tributaries at local levels. The natural boundaries of large river basins are shrinking because their tributaries and streams of different orders are disappearing at an unprecedented rate. Delineation of the fixed administrative boundaries (AB) to protect the natural boundary of small rivers and their classification into appropriate threatened categories, the present study was carried out on the 54.08 km long Banki River in the Ganga River basin. The > 70% irreversible loss in the number of streams (Nu), length of streams (Lu), and drainage density (Dd) resulted in the conversion of the 6th order Banki into the 4th order river. The extreme morphometric changes result in the Banki watershed being under the “Critically Endangered” category. The drainage density ratio (DdR) and mean stream width (M sw ) were used to determine the width of AB (W AB ). The “River Red List Categories and Criteria” are being proposed to strengthen global initiatives at the local levels to protect and conserve inland water bodies and transboundary rivers.