In vitro cytotoxicity of different dental resin-cements on human cell lines

• Published in: Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine Vol. 32; no. 1; p. 4
• Main Authors: Diemer, Freya, Stark, Helmut, Helfgen, Ernst-Heinrich, Enkling, Norbert, Probstmeier, Rainer, Winter, Jochen, Kraus, Dominik
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biocompatibility Studies; Biomaterials; Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering; Biomedical materials; Biotechnology; Cell adhesion; Cell culture; Cell lines; Cell viability; Cement; Ceramics; Chemistry and Materials Science; Composites; Culture media; Cytotoxicity; Dental cement; Dental materials; Dentistry; Glass; Homeostasis; Materials Science; Natural Materials; Osteoblasts; Polymer Sciences; Regenerative Medicine/Tissue Engineering; Resins; Stimulation; Surfaces and Interfaces; Thin Films; Toxicity; Zinc phosphate
• ISSN: 0957-4530; 1573-4838
• DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06471-w

Adhesive resin-cements are increasingly used in modern dentistry. Nevertheless, released substances from resin materials have been shown to cause cellular toxic effects. Disc-shaped specimens from 12 different resin cements and one conventional zinc phosphate cement were prepared and used for direct stimulation of five different human cell lines via transwell cell culture system or in an indirect way using conditioned cell culture media. Cytotoxicity was determined using LDH and BCA assays. All tested cements led to a decrease of cell viability but to a distinct extent depending on cell type, luting material, and cytotoxicity assay. In general, cements exhibited a more pronounced cytotoxicity in direct stimulation experiments compared to stimulations using conditioned media. Interestingly, the conventional zinc phosphate cement showed the lowest impact on cell viability. On cellular level, highest cytotoxic effects were detected in osteoblastic cell lines. All resin cements reduced cell viability of human cells with significant differences depending on cell type and cement material. Especially, osteoblastic cells demonstrated a tremendous increase of cytotoxicity after cement exposure. Although the results of this in vitro study cannot be transferred directly to a clinical setting, it shows that eluted substances from resin cements may disturb osteoblastic homeostasis that in turn could lead to conditions favoring peri-implant bone destruction. Thus, the wide use of resin cements in every clinical situation should be scrutinized. A correct use with complete removal of all cement residues and a sufficient polymerization should be given the utmost attention in clinical usage.