Competitive biosorption of lead, cadmium, copper, and arsenic ions using algae

• Published in: Environmental science and pollution research international Vol. 20; no. 5; pp. 3011 - 3023
• Main Authors: Sulaymon, Abbas H., Mohammed, Ahmed A., Al-Musawi, Tariq J.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer-Verlag 01.05.2013; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adsorbents; Adsorption; Algae; Aquatic Pollution; Aqueous solutions; Arsenic; Arsenic - metabolism; Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution; Batch reactors; Binding sites; Biomass; Bioremediation; Cadmium; Chlorophyta - metabolism; Competition; Copper; Cyanobacteria - metabolism; Earth and Environmental Science; Ecotoxicology; Environment; Environmental Chemistry; Environmental Health; Equilibrium; Heavy metal content; Heavy metals; Infrared spectroscopy; Ion exchange; Ions; Iraq; Lead; Light; Magnesium; Membrane separation; Metal concentrations; Metals, Heavy - metabolism; Research Article; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; Studies; Waste Disposal, Fluid - methods; Waste Water Technology; Water Management; Water Pollutants, Chemical - metabolism; Water pollution; Water Pollution Control; Iraq; Kinetics; Competitive biosorption; Algae; Affinity constant; Ion exchange model
• ISSN: 0944-1344; 1614-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/s11356-012-1208-2

The present study aims to evaluate the competitive biosorption of lead, cadmium, copper, and arsenic ions by using native algae. A series of experiments were carried out in a batch reactor to obtain equilibrium data for adsorption of single, binary, ternary, and quaternary metal solutions. The biosorption of these metals is based on ion exchange mechanism accompanied by the release of light metals such as calcium, magnesium, and sodium. Experimental parameters such as pH, initial metal concentrations, and temperature were studied. The optimum pH found for removal were 5 for Cd 2+ and As 3+ and 3 and 4 for Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ , respectively. Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy analysis was used to find the effects of functional groups of algae in biosorption process. The results showed that Pb 2+ made a greater change in the functional groups of algal biomass due to high affinity to this metal. An ion exchange model was found suitable for describing the biosorption process. The affinity constants sequence calculated for single system was K Pb > K Cu > K Cd > K As ; these values reduced in binary, ternary, and quaternary systems. In addition, the experimental data showed that the biosorption of the four metals fitted well the pseudo-second-order kinetics model.