The effect of side chain engineering on conjugated polymers in organic electrochemical transistors for bioelectronic applications

Bioelectronics focuses on the establishment of the connection between the ion-driven biosystems and readable electronic signals. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offer a viable solution for this task. Organic mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs) rest at the heart of OECTs. The balan...

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Published inJournal of materials chemistry. C, Materials for optical and electronic devices Vol. 1; no. 7; pp. 2314 - 2332
Main Authors He, Yifei, Kukhta, Nadzeya A, Marks, Adam, Luscombe, Christine K
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Royal Society of Chemistry 17.02.2022
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
The Royal Society of Chemistry
Subjects
Bioelectricity
Chemistry
Conductors
Coupling (molecular)
Material properties
Molecular chains
Semiconductor devices
Transistors
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Summary:Bioelectronics focuses on the establishment of the connection between the ion-driven biosystems and readable electronic signals. Organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) offer a viable solution for this task. Organic mixed ionic/electronic conductors (OMIECs) rest at the heart of OECTs. The balance between the ionic and electronic conductivities of OMIECs is closely connected to the OECT device performance. While modification of the OMIECs' electronic properties is largely related to the development of conjugated scaffolds, properties such as ion permeability, solubility, flexibility, morphology, and sensitivity can be altered by side chain moieties. In this review, we uncover the influence of side chain molecular design on the properties and performance of OECTs. We summarise current understanding of OECT performance and focus specifically on the knowledge of ionic-electronic coupling, shedding light on the significance of side chain development of OMIECs. We show how the versatile synthetic toolbox of side chains can be successfully employed to tune OECT parameters via controlling the material properties. As the field continues to mature, more detailed investigations into the crucial role side chain engineering plays on the resultant OMIEC properties will allow for side chain alternatives to be developed and will ultimately lead to further enhancements within the field of OECT channel materials. The versatile synthetic side chain toolbox assists in tuning the OECT parameters by controlling material properties of organic mixed conductors. In this review we critically summarise and evaluate various side chains used throughout OECT materials.
Bibliography:Christine Luscombe received her BA, MA, and MSci from the University of Cambridge and completed her PhD under the supervision of Prof. Andrew Holmes and Prof. Wilhelm Huck in the Melville Laboratory for Polymer Synthesis at the University of Cambridge. She then moved to the University of California, Berkeley as a post-doctoral researcher with Prof. Jean M. J. Fréchet. She started her independent career in the Materials Science and Engineering Department at the University of Washington in 2006 and is now a Professor at the Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University in Japan.
Yifei He received her BSE in Macromolecular Science and Engineering from Case Western Reserve University in 2020 and is currently a PhD student supervised by Prof. Christine Luscombe in the Department of Materials Science and Engineering at University of Washington in Seattle. Her research primarily focuses on the synthetic tuning method to control the morphology of conjugated polymer thin films and the underlying structure-property relationship between the polymer microstructures and the optoelectronic performances.
Nadzeya Kukhta received her MSc in Organic Chemistry from Belarusian State University in 2011. She completed her PhD in Materials Engineering at Kaunas University of Technology in 2016 in the group of Prof. J. V. Grazulevicius, focusing on the development of organic semiconductors for optoelectronic and photovoltaic applications. In 2017, Nadzeya joined the group of Prof. M. R. Bryce as a postdoctoral research associate at Durham University, focusing on investigation of TADF and RTP materials. Since 2020, Nadzeya has been a postdoctoral research associate in the group of Prof. C. K. Luscombe at the University of Washington.
Adam Marks received his MSc degree in Chemistry from Imperial College London in 2016. He then joined Prof. Iain McCulloch, completing his PhD in 2020, developing OMIEC materials for bioelectronic applications. He then followed the McCulloch group to the University of Oxford, where he was a postdoctoral research associate, focusing on the development of electron transport OMIECs. He is now a postdoctoral researcher with Prof. Alberto Salleo and Prof. William Chueh at Stanford University. His current research interests are focused on the synthetic development of novel materials for bioelectronic devices and evaluation of materials for polymeric electrocatalysis.
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USDOE
SC0020046
Current address: pi-Conjugated Polymers Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Okinawa, Japan, 904-0495.
These authors contributed equally to this work.
Current address: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA.
ISSN:2050-7526
2050-7534
DOI:10.1039/d1tc05229b