Green synthesis, biomedical and biotechnological applications of carbon and graphene quantum dots. A review

Carbon and graphene quantum dots are prepared using top-down and bottom-up methods. Sustainable synthesis of quantum dots has several advantages such as the use of low-cost and non-toxic raw materials, simple operations, expeditious reactions, renewable resources and straightforward post-processing...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEnvironmental chemistry letters Vol. 18; no. 3; pp. 703 - 727
Main Authors Iravani, Siavash, Varma, Rajender S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Cham Springer International Publishing 01.05.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Analytical Chemistry
Biocompatibility
Biomedical materials
Biosensors
Biotechnology
Carbon
Earth and Environmental Science
Ecotoxicology
Environment
Environmental Chemistry
Fabrication
Geochemistry
Graphene
Medical imaging
Methods
Nanomaterials
Nanotechnology
Pollution
Post-production processing
Quantum dots
Raw materials
Renewable resources
Review
Sustainable yield
Synthesis
Biotechnological applications
Biomedical applications
Quantum dots
Graphene quantum dots
Bioimaging
Carbon dots
Diagnosis
Sustainable synthesis
Cancer
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Summary:Carbon and graphene quantum dots are prepared using top-down and bottom-up methods. Sustainable synthesis of quantum dots has several advantages such as the use of low-cost and non-toxic raw materials, simple operations, expeditious reactions, renewable resources and straightforward post-processing steps. These nanomaterials are promising for clinical and biomedical sciences, especially in bioimaging, diagnosis, bioanalytical assays and biosensors. Here we review green methods for the fabrication of quantum dots, and biomedical and biotechnological applications.
ISSN:1610-3653
1610-3661
DOI:10.1007/s10311-020-00984-0