Gastric carcinosarcoma with FGFR2 amplification under long-term control with pazopanib: a case report and literature review

• Published in: BMC gastroenterology Vol. 22; no. 1; pp. 1 - 360
• Main Authors: Hayashi, Hirokatsu, Makiyama, Akitaka, Okumura, Naoki, Yasufuku, Itaru, Saigo, Chiemi, Takeuchi, Tamotsu, Miyazaki, Tatsuhiko, Tanaka, Yoshihiro, Matsuhashi, Nobuhisa, Murase, Katsutoshi, Takahashi, Takao, Futamura, Manabu, Yoshida, Kazuhiro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London BioMed Central Ltd 28.07.2022; BioMed Central; BMC
• Subjects: Adenocarcinoma; Analysis; Antigens; Cancer therapies; Care and treatment; Case Report; Case reports; Causes of; Chemotherapy; Computed tomography; Cytokeratin; Diagnosis; Dosage and administration; Endoscopy; FGFR2 amplification; Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2; Fibroblast growth factor receptors; Fibroblasts; Gastrectomy; Gastric cancer; Gastric carcinosarcoma; Gastroenterology; Growth factors; Literature reviews; Liver; Lymph nodes; Lymphatic system; Medical prognosis; Metastases; Metastasis; Nausea; p53 Protein; Patients; Pazopanib; Prevention; Risk factors; Sarcoma; Smooth muscle; Stomach cancer; Surgery; Tumors; Vomiting; Japan
• ISSN: 1471-230X; 1471-230X
• DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02432-5

Abstract Background Gastric carcinosarcoma is most frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage when the tumor is generally large with invasion into other organs, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Standard chemotherapy has not been established, and surgery is the only curative treatment. Here, we present a case of postoperative recurrence of gastric carcinosarcoma under long-term tumor control with pazopanib. Case presentation A 77-year-old man was referred to our hospital because of nausea and vomiting. Computed tomography and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a type 1 tumor arising from the gastric antrum and extending into the duodenal bulb. He underwent distal gastrectomy (D2) with Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Histopathologically, the tumor had mixed adenocarcinoma and sarcoma components. According to the tumor–node–metastasis classification, the diagnosis was primary gastric carcinosarcoma pT1bN1M0 stage IB. Liver metastasis was detected 2 months after surgery; multiple lung metastases were detected 17 month after surgery. A genomic profiling test was performed using liver specimens as the patient became refractory to chemotherapy commonly used for gastric cancer, and the test revealed FGFR2 amplification along with TP53 R209*, AKT3 N127D, NOTCH1 A2036T, and POLD1 M161I. The patient was treated with pazopanib (800 mg/daily), and the tumor growth was controlled for 11 months. Conclusions We report a case of postoperative recurrence of gastric carcinosarcoma under long-term tumor control with pazopanib. This case suggested that pazopanib may be effective in treating gastric carcinosarcoma.