Stand age and species richness dampen interannual variation of ecosystem-level photosynthetic capacity

• Published in: Nature ecology & evolution Vol. 1; no. 2; p. 48
• Main Authors: Musavi, Talie, Migliavacca, Mirco, Reichstein, Markus, Kattge, Jens, Wirth, Christian, Black, T. Andrew, Janssens, Ivan, Knohl, Alexander, Loustau, Denis, Roupsard, Olivier, Varlagin, Andrej, Rambal, Serge, Cescatti, Alessandro, Gianelle, Damiano, Kondo, Hiroaki, Tamrakar, Rijan, Mahecha, Miguel D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 23.01.2017; Nature Publishing Group; Nature
• Subjects: 704/158/2454; 704/158/47/4113; Air temperature; Annual variations; Biodiversity; Biological and Physical Anthropology; Carbon cycle; Carbon dioxide; Climate effects; Climate variability; Continental interfaces, environment; Dominant species; Ecology; Ecology, environment; Ecosystems; Evolutionary Biology; Fluxes; Forests; Life Sciences; Paleontology; Photosynthesis; Sciences of the Universe; Soil temperature; Soil water; Species richness; Terrestrial ecosystems; Water availability; Zoology; forest ecology; carbon cycle
• ISSN: 2397-334X; 2397-334X
• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-016-0048

The total uptake of carbon dioxide by ecosystems via photosynthesis (gross primary productivity, GPP) is the largest flux in the global carbon cycle. A key ecosystem functional property determining GPP is the photosynthetic capacity at light saturation (GPP sat ), and its interannual variability (IAV) is propagated to the net land–atmosphere exchange of CO 2 . Given the importance of understanding the IAV in CO 2 fluxes for improving the predictability of the global carbon cycle, we have tested a range of alternative hypotheses to identify potential drivers of the magnitude of IAV in GPP sat in forest ecosystems. Our results show that while the IAV in GPP sat within sites is closely related to air temperature and soil water availability fluctuations, the magnitude of IAV in GPP sat is related to stand age and biodiversity ( R 2 = 0.55, P < 0.0001). We find that the IAV of GPP sat is greatly reduced in older and more diverse forests, and is higher in younger forests with few dominant species. Older and more diverse forests seem to dampen the effect of climate variability on the carbon cycle irrespective of forest type. Preserving old forests and their diversity would therefore be beneficial in reducing the effect of climate variability on Earth's forest ecosystems. The photosynthetic capacity of forest ecosystems is an important variable in the global carbon cycle. Here, it is shown that older, more diverse forests have less fluctuation between years in photosynthetic capacity.