Changes in serum zonulin in individuals with morbid obesity after weight-loss interventions: a prospective cohort study
Abstract Background Zonulin is a biomarker of impaired intestinal permeability, which has been associated with various disorders. The primary aim was to study serum zonulin (s-zonulin) in individuals with morbid obesity before and after a conservative weight loss intervention followed by bariatric s...
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Published in | BMC endocrine disorders Vol. 20; no. 1; pp. 1 - 108 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
London
BioMed Central Ltd
22.07.2020
BioMed Central BMC |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Abstract
Background
Zonulin is a biomarker of impaired intestinal permeability, which has been associated with various disorders. The primary aim was to study serum zonulin (s-zonulin) in individuals with morbid obesity before and after a conservative weight loss intervention followed by bariatric surgery. The secondary aims were to explore predictors of s-zonulin, and the associations between the changes of the predictors and changes in s-zonulin, and to compare the associations in the two treatment periods.
Methods
Individuals with morbid obesity were included. Data before any weight loss interventions, after a 6 months’ conservative weight loss intervention, and 6 months after bariatric surgery were used. S-zonulin was measured with an ELISA method from Immundiagnostik AB, Bensheim, Germany. Data were analysed with mixed models.
Results
The mean body mass index was 42.1 kg/m
2
(SD 3.8) at inclusion and was reduced to 38.7 kg/m
2
(SD 3.8) and 29.8 kg/m
2
(SD 3.8) after the conservative treatment and bariatric surgery respectively. S-zonulin was 63 ng/mL (SD 32) at inclusion and was reduced with 19 ng/ml (95% CI 12 to 26,
p
< 0.001) after conservative treatment and 11 ng/ml (95% CI 0 to 21,
p
= 0.04) after bariatric surgery. At inclusion, s-zonulin was significantly associated with factors including p-glucose (B = 2.21, 95% CI 1.09 to 3.33,
p
< 0.001), c-reactive protein (B = 1.02, 95% CI 0.45 to 1.58,
p
< 0.001) and the intake of proteins (B = 0.23, 95% CI 0.08 to 0.38,
p
= 0.003) and non-nutritive sweeteners (B = 0.68, 95% CI 0.19 to 1.17,
p
= 0.007). The reduction in s-zonulin after the conservative weight loss intervention was significantly associated with improvement in diarrhoea (B = 6.6, 95% CI 1.3 to 11.8,
p
= 0.02), HbA1c (B = 9.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 18.3,
p
= 0.03), p-glucose (B = 3.5, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.9,
p
= 0.004) and gamma-GT (B = 0.28, 95% CI 0.09 to 0.47,
p
= 0.004), but not associated with the change in body mass index (B = 0.9, 95% CI − 1.5 to 3.3,
p
= 0.46).
Conclusions
S-zonulin was markedly reduced after the conservative weight loss intervention, and further reduced after bariatric surgery. The reduction in s-zonulin was associated with improvement of diarrhoea, markers of glucose intolerance and liver disease, but not associated with the change in body mass index. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 1472-6823 1472-6823 |
DOI: | 10.1186/s12902-020-00594-5 |