Lipid Composition, Fatty Acids and Sterols in the Seaweeds Ulva armoricana, and Solieria chordalis from Brittany (France): An Analysis from Nutritional, Chemotaxonomic, and Antiproliferative Activity Perspectives

• Published in: Marine drugs Vol. 13; no. 9; pp. 5606 - 5628
• Main Authors: Kendel, Melha, Wielgosz-Collin, Gaëtane, Bertrand, Samuel, Roussakis, Christos, Bourgougnon, Nathalie, Bedoux, Gilles
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 02.09.2015; MDPI
• Subjects: Analytical chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology; Botanics; Chemical Sciences; chemotaxonomy; Chlorophyta; fatty acids; Fatty Acids - chemistry; France; glycolipids; human lung cancer; hydroxy fatty acids; Life Sciences; Lipids - chemistry; Marine; Medicinal Chemistry; phospholipids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; Rhodophyta; Seaweed - chemistry; Solieria chordalis; sterols; Sterols - chemistry; Ulva - chemistry; Ulva armoricana; Vegetal Biology; France; ANE, France; ANE, France, Brittany; glycolipids; hydroxy fatty acids; fatty acids; polyunsaturated fatty acids; human lung cancer; Solieria chordalis; phospholipids; sterols; Ulva armoricana; chemotaxonomy
• ISSN: 1660-3397; 1660-3397
• DOI: 10.3390/md13095606

Lipids from the proliferative macroalgae Ulva armoricana (Chlorophyta) and Solieria chordalis (Rhodophyta) from Brittany, France, were investigated. The total content of lipids was 2.6% and 3.0% dry weight for U. armoricana and S. chordalis, respectively. The main fractions of S. chordalis were neutral lipids (37%) and glycolipids (38%), whereas U. armoricana contained mostly neutral lipids (55%). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) represented 29% and 15% of the total lipids in U. armoricana and S. chordalis, respectively. In both studied algae, the phospholipids were composed of PUFA for 18%. In addition, PUFA were shown to represent 9% and 4.5% of glycolipids in U. armoricana and S. chordalis, respectively. The essential PUFA were 16:4n-3, 18:4n-3, 18:2n-3, 18:2n-6, and 22:6n-3 in U. armoricana, and 20:4n-6 and 20:5n-3 in S. chordalis. It is important to notice that six 2-hydroxy-, three 3-hydroxy-, and two monounsaturated hydroxy fatty acids were also identified and may provide a chemotaxonomic basis for algae. These seaweeds contained interesting compounds such as squalene, α-tocopherol, cholest-4-en-3-one and phytosterols. The antiproliferative effect was evaluated in vitro on human non-small-cell bronchopulmonary carcinoma line (NSCLC-N6) with an IC50 of 23 μg/mL for monogalactosyldiacylglycerols isolated from S. chordalis and 24 μg/mL for digalactosyldiacylglycerols from U. armoricana. These results confirm the potentialities of valorization of these two species in the fields of health, nutrition and chemotaxonomy.