Advance Progress in Assembly Mechanisms of Carrier-Free Nanodrugs for Cancer Treatment

Nanocarriers have been widely studied and applied in the field of cancer treatment. However, conventional nanocarriers still suffer from complicated preparation processes, low drug loading, and potential toxicity of carriers themselves. To tackle the hindrance, carrier-free nanodrugs with biological...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 20; p. 7065
Main Authors Zhang, Xiaoyu, Hu, Shuyang, Huang, Lifei, Chen, Xiyue, Wang, Xin, Fu, Ya-nan, Sun, Hui, Li, Guofeng, Wang, Xing
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Bacterial infections
Bioavailability
Bonds
Cancer
Cancer therapies
cancer treatment
Care and treatment
carrier-free nanodrugs
Chemical bonds
covalent bonds
Design
Drug delivery systems
Drug therapy
Drugs
Efficiency
Health aspects
Hydrogen bonding
Hydrogen bonds
metal ions coordination
Nanoparticles
noncovalent interactions
Oncology, Experimental
Review
Toxicity
Tumors
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Summary:Nanocarriers have been widely studied and applied in the field of cancer treatment. However, conventional nanocarriers still suffer from complicated preparation processes, low drug loading, and potential toxicity of carriers themselves. To tackle the hindrance, carrier-free nanodrugs with biological activity have received increasing attention in cancer therapy. Extensive efforts have been made to exploit new self-assembly methods and mechanisms to expand the scope of carrier-free nanodrugs with enhanced therapeutic performance. In this review, we summarize the advanced progress and applications of carrier-free nanodrugs based on different types of assembly mechanisms and strategies, which involved noncovalent interactions, a combination of covalent bonds and noncovalent interactions, and metal ions-coordinated self-assembly. These carrier-free nanodrugs are introduced in detail according to their assembly and antitumor applications. Finally, the prospects and existing challenges of carrier-free nanodrugs in future development and clinical application are discussed. We hope that this comprehensive review will provide new insights into the rational design of more effective carrier-free nanodrug systems and advancing clinical cancer and other diseases (e.g., bacterial infections) infection treatment.
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ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules28207065