Na+ Binding and Transport: Insights from Light-Driven Na+-Pumping Rhodopsin

Na+ plays a vital role in numerous physiological processes across humans and animals, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of Na+ transmembrane transport. Among the various Na+ pumps and channels, light-driven Na+-pumping rhodopsin (NaR) has emerged as a noteworthy model in this field. This r...

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Published inMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 28; no. 20; p. 7135
Main Authors Yang, Qifan, Chen, Deliang
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Basel MDPI AG 01.10.2023
MDPI
Subjects
Crystallography
Kinetics
light-driven Na+ pumps
microbial rhodopsins
Na+ transport
Physiological aspects
Physiology
Proteins
Protons
Review
Rhodopsin
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Summary:Na+ plays a vital role in numerous physiological processes across humans and animals, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of Na+ transmembrane transport. Among the various Na+ pumps and channels, light-driven Na+-pumping rhodopsin (NaR) has emerged as a noteworthy model in this field. This review offers a concise overview of the structural and functional studies conducted on NaR, encompassing ground/intermediate-state structures and photocycle kinetics. The primary focus lies in addressing key inquiries: (1) unraveling the translocation pathway of Na+; (2) examining the role of structural changes within the photocycle, particularly in the O state, in facilitating Na+ transport; and (3) investigating the timing of Na+ uptake/release. By delving into these unresolved issues and existing debates, this review aims to shed light on the future direction of Na+ pump research.
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ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules28207135