A ‘Landscape physiology’ approach for assessing bee health highlights the benefits of floral landscape enrichment and semi-natural habitats

• Published in: Scientific reports Vol. 7; no. 1; p. 40568
• Main Authors: Alaux, Cédric, Allier, Fabrice, Decourtye, Axel, Odoux, Jean-François, Tamic, Thierry, Chabirand, Mélanie, Delestra, Estelle, Decugis, Florent, Le Conte, Yves, Henry, Mickaël
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: London Nature Publishing Group UK 13.01.2017; Nature Publishing Group
• Subjects: 38; 631/158/2455; 631/601/1737; Animals; Anthropogenic factors; Bees; Bees - parasitology; Bees - physiology; Body mass; Catch crops; Colonies; Crops; Diet; Economic importance; Ecosystem; Environmental restoration; Fat body; Fat Body - metabolism; Flowering; Flowers - physiology; Habitats; Humanities and Social Sciences; Landscape; Landscape ecology; Life Sciences; Models, Biological; multidisciplinary; Overwintering; Physiology; Pollen; Pollen - physiology; Pollinators; Science; Science (multidisciplinary); Seasons; Spatial distribution; Survival Analysis; Varroidae - physiology; Vitellogenin; Vitellogenins - metabolism; bee; qualité de l'habitat; vitellogenine; santé animale; palynologie; palynology; vitellogenin; analyse de pollen; varroa; animal health; modèle écophysiologique; abeille; survie colonie
• ISSN: 2045-2322; 2045-2322
• DOI: 10.1038/srep40568

Understanding how anthropogenic landscape alteration affects populations of ecologically- and economically-important insect pollinators has never been more pressing. In this context, the assessment of landscape quality typically relies on spatial distribution studies, but, whether habitat-restoration techniques actually improve the health of targeted pollinator populations remains obscure. This gap could be filled by a comprehensive understanding of how gradients of landscape quality influence pollinator physiology. We therefore used this approach for honey bees ( Apis mellifera ) to test whether landscape patterns can shape bee health. We focused on the pre-wintering period since abnormally high winter colony losses have often been observed. By exposing colonies to different landscapes, enriched in melliferous catch crops and surrounded by semi-natural habitats, we found that bee physiology (i.e. fat body mass and level of vitellogenin) was significantly improved by the presence of flowering catch crops. Catch crop presence was associated with a significant increase in pollen diet diversity. The influence of semi-natural habitats on bee health was even stronger. Vitellogenin level was in turn significantly linked to higher overwintering survival. Therefore, our experimental study, combining landscape ecology and bee physiology, offers an exciting proof-of-concept for directly identifying stressful or suitable landscapes and promoting efficient pollinator conservation.