Microbial mediated preparation, characterization and optimization of gold nanoparticles

• Published in: Brazilian journal of microbiology Vol. 45; no. 4; pp. 1493 - 1501
• Main Authors: Barabadi, Hamed, Honary, Soheila, Ebrahimi, Pouneh, Mohammadi, Milad Ali, Alizadeh, Ahad, Naghibi, Farzaneh
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English; Portuguese
• Published: Brazil Springer Nature B.V 2014; Sociedade Brasileira de Microbiologia
• Subjects: Biosynthesis; Culture Media - chemistry; Gold; Gold - metabolism; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Industrial Microbiology; MICROBIOLOGY; Microscopy, Atomic Force; Nanoparticles; Nanoparticles - chemistry; Nanoparticles - metabolism; Nanoparticles - ultrastructure; Optimization; Penicillin; Penicillium - isolation & purification; Penicillium - metabolism; Soil Microbiology; Spectrum Analysis; Temperature; Penicillium crustosum; box-behnken design; gold nanoparticles; optimization; biosynthesis
• ISSN: 1517-8382; 1678-4405; 1678-4405
• DOI: 10.1590/S1517-83822014000400046

The need for eco-friendly and cost effective methods for nanoparticles synthesis is developing interest in biological approaches which are free from the use of toxic chemicals as byproducts. This study aimed to biosynthesize and optimize the size of gold nanoparticles which produced by biotechnological method using Penicillium crustosum isolated from soil. Initially, Penicillium crustosum was grown in fluid czapek dox broth on shaker at 28 °C and 200 rpm for ten days and then the supernatant was separated from the mycelia to convert AuCl₄ solution into gold nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles in the optimum conditions were formed with fairly well-defined dimensions and good monodispersity. The characterizations were done by using different methods (UV-Visible Spectroscopy, Fluorescence, FT-IR, AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy) and DLS (Dynamic Light Scattering). The bioconversion was optimized by Box-Behnken experimental design. The results show that the effective factors in this process were concentration of AuCl₄, pH of medium and temperature of shaker incubator. The R(2) value was calculated to be 0.9999 indicating the accuracy and ability of the polynomial model. It can be concluded that the use of multivariate analysis facilitated to find out the optimum conditions for the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles induced by Penicillium crustosum in a time and cost effective process. The current approach suggested that rapid synthesis of gold nanoparticles would be suitable for developing a biological process for mass scale production of formulations.