Real-time fMRI neurofeedback reduces auditory hallucinations and modulates resting state connectivity of involved brain regions: Part 2: Default mode network -preliminary evidence
•A single session of real-time fMRI neurofeedback targeting default mode network (DMN) significantly increased its anticorrelations post neurofeedback.•DMN targeted neurofeedback resulted in reduced severity of auditory hallucinations (AHs) in patients with pharmacology-resistant AHs.•There was a si...
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Published in | Psychiatry research Vol. 284; p. 112770 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Ireland
Elsevier B.V
01.02.2020
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | •A single session of real-time fMRI neurofeedback targeting default mode network (DMN) significantly increased its anticorrelations post neurofeedback.•DMN targeted neurofeedback resulted in reduced severity of auditory hallucinations (AHs) in patients with pharmacology-resistant AHs.•There was a significant correlation between the increase in DMN - superior temporal gyrus connectivity and the reduction in AHs scores post neurofeedback.
Auditory hallucinations (AHs) are one of the most distressing symptoms of schizophrenia (SZ) and are often resistant to medication. Imaging studies of individuals with SZ show hyperactivation of the default mode network (DMN) and the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Studies in SZ show DMN hyperconnectivity and reduced anticorrelation between DMN and the central executive network (CEN). DMN hyperconnectivity has been associated with positive symptoms such as AHs while reduced DMN anticorrelations with cognitive impairment. Using real-time fMRI neurofeedback (rt-fMRI-NFB) we trained SZ patients to modulate DMN and CEN networks. Meditation is effective in reducing AHs in SZ and to modulate brain network integration and increase DMN anticorrelations. Consequently, patients were provided with meditation strategies to enhance their abilities to modulate DMN/CEN. Results show a reduction of DMN hyperconnectivity and increase in DMNCEN anticorrelation. Furthermore, the change in individual DMN connectivity significantly correlated with reductions in AHs. This is the first time that meditation enhanced through rt-fMRI-NFB is used to reduce AHs in SZ. Moreover, it provides the first empirical evidence for a direct causal relation between meditation enhanced rt-fMRI-NFB modulation of DMNCEN activity and post-intervention modulation of resting state networks ensuing in reductions in frequency and severity of AHs. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally as last authors to this work Contributors: Conceived and designed the experiments: CCCB KO SWG MAN. Performed the experiments: CCCB KO. Analyzed the data: CCCB SWG. Contributed materials/analysis tools: SSG SWG CA. Performed clinical assessments: MAN PGN ECR. Contributed to the writing of the manuscript: CCCB KO GN SWG MAN. These authors contributed equally as first authors to this work |
ISSN: | 0165-1781 1872-7123 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.112770 |