Total body water changes after an exercise intervention tracked using bioimpedance spectroscopy: A deuterium oxide comparison

• Published in: Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Vol. 28; no. 5; pp. 516 - 525
• Main Authors: Moon, Jordan R, Smith, Abbie E, Tobkin, Sarah E, Lockwood, Christopher M, Kendall, Kristina L, Graef, Jennifer L, Roberts, Michael D, Dalbo, Vincent J, Kerksick, Chad M, Cramer, Joel T, Beck, Travis W, Stout, Jeffrey R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.10.2009; Elsevier
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Algorithms; Biological and medical sciences; Body composition; Body Composition - physiology; Body fat; Body Mass Index; Body Water - metabolism; Deuterium Exchange Measurement; Deuterium oxide; Electric Impedance; Exercise - physiology; Exercise intervention; Extracellular water; Feeding. Feeding behavior; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Gastroenterology and Hepatology; Health Status; Humans; Male; Nutrition Assessment; Obesity - ethnology; Obesity - therapy; Overfat; Overweight - ethnology; Overweight - therapy; Sedentary Lifestyle; Specific Gravity; Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems; Young Adult; Extracellular water; Overfat; Body fat; Body composition; Exercise intervention; Deuterium oxide; Water; Physical exercise; Spectrometry; Bioimpedance; Exploration; Metabolic diseases; Comparative study
• ISSN: 0261-5614; 1532-1983
• DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.04.025

Summary Background & aims Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) for the estimation of total body water (TBW) has advantages over isotope dilution techniques, including cost, portability, and ease of use. The aim of the current study was to determine the validity of a BIS device (Imp™ SFB7) for tracking changes in overfat and obese individuals. Methods Sixty overfat and obese men and women (27 ± 8 yr, 33.41 ± 3.81%fat) participated in the study. TBW was estimated using BIS and deuterium oxide (D2 O) before and after the ten-week intervention. Results Pre-and post-intervention BIS TBW estimations errors increased as body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), and fat-free mass (FFM) increased ( p < 0.05). Delta values were more accurate than pre- and post-TBW estimations (total error = 1.45 L). Age significantly influenced pre- and post-TBW errors ( p < 0.05). Therefore, a regression equation was developed to correct for the pre- and post-BIS-estimated TBW errors: D2 O TBW = 11.478 + 0.743(BIS TBW)–2.429(Gender), (Men = 1, Women = 2). Conclusions BIS can be considered an accurate tool for tracking changes in TBW regardless of variations in BMI, FM, FFM, or age in both overfat and obese men and women (BMI > 24). Employing a BIS TBW equation is suggested over the development of resistivity coefficients based on BMI, FM, FFM or age.