Automatic Classification of Ultrasound Screening Examinations of the Abdominal Aorta

• Published in: Journal of digital imaging Vol. 29; no. 6; pp. 742 - 748
• Main Authors: Morioka, Craig, Meng, Frank, Taira, Ricky, Sayre, James, Zimmerman, Peter, Ishimitsu, David, Huang, Jimmy, Shen, Luyao, El-Saden, Suzie
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 01.12.2016; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Algorithms; Classification; Gates; Imaging; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Radiology; Recall; Screening; Transducers; Ultrasound; Natural language processing; Coding; Classification; Abdominal aortic aneurysm
• ISSN: 0897-1889; 1618-727X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10278-016-9889-6

Our work facilitates the identification of veterans who may be at risk for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) based on the 2007 mandate to screen all veteran patients that meet the screening criteria. The main research objective is to automatically index three clinical conditions: pertinent negative AAA, pertinent positive AAA, and visually unacceptable image exams. We developed and evaluated a ConText-based algorithm with the GATE (General Architecture for Text Engineering) development system to automatically classify 1402 ultrasound radiology reports for AAA screening. Using the results from JAPE (Java Annotation Pattern Engine) transducer rules, we developed a feature vector to classify the radiology reports with a decision table classifier. We found that ConText performed optimally on precision and recall for pertinent negative (0.99 (0.98–0.99), 0.99 (0.99–1.00)) and pertinent positive AAA detection (0.98 (0.95–1.00), 0.97 (0.92–1.00)), and respectably for determination of non-diagnostic image studies (0.85 (0.77–0.91), 0.96 (0.91–0.99)). In addition, our algorithm can determine the AAA size measurements for further characterization of abnormality. We developed and evaluated a regular expression based algorithm using GATE for determining the three contextual conditions: pertinent negative, pertinent positive, and non-diagnostic from radiology reports obtained for evaluating the presence or absence of abdominal aortic aneurysm. ConText performed very well at identifying the contextual features. Our study also discovered contextual trigger terms to detect sub-standard ultrasound image quality. Limitations of performance included unknown dictionary terms, complex sentences, and vague findings that were difficult to classify and properly code.