Rildo: Real-World Multicenter Study on the Effectiveness and Safety of Single-Tablet Regimen of Dolutegravir plus Rilpivirine in Treatment-Experienced People Living with HIV

• Published in: Viruses Vol. 14; no. 12; p. 2626
• Main Authors: Hidalgo-Tenorio, Carmen, Vinuesa, David, García-Vallecillos, Coral, Muñoz-Medina, Leopoldo, Sequera, Sergio, Javier, Rosario, López-Ruz, Miguel Ángel, Sadyrbaeva-Dolgova, Svetlana, Pasquau, Juan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 25.11.2022; MDPI
• Subjects: 2DR; Acquired immune deficiency syndrome; AIDS; Anti-HIV Agents - adverse effects; Antiretroviral drugs; Antiretroviral therapy; CD4 antigen; CD8 antigen; Clinical trials; Complications and side effects; Cost analysis; Cost control; dolutegravir; Drug therapy; Female; Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring - adverse effects; HIV; HIV (Viruses); HIV Infections - drug therapy; Human immunodeficiency virus; Humans; Immune status; Inflammation; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Patient outcomes; Patients; Pharmacoeconomics; Rilpivirine; Rilpivirine - adverse effects; Tablets - therapeutic use; Toxicity; treatment-experienced PLHIV; Variables; Viral Load; Spain; 2DR; dolutegravir; treatment-experienced PLHIV; rilpivirine
• ISSN: 1999-4915; 1999-4915
• DOI: 10.3390/v14122626

Two-drug regimens (2DRs) are emerging in clinical practice guidelines as treatment option for both naive and treatment-experienced people living with HIV (PLHIV). To determine the real-life effectiveness of 2DR with 25 mg RPV plus 50 mg DTG in a single-tablet regimen (RPV/DTG ) and its impact on viral and immune status, lipid profile, and inflammatory markers. This observational study included 291 treatment-experienced PLHIV, starting 2DR with RPV/DTG between 29 January 2019 and 2 February 2022, who were followed up for at least six months. Participants gave verbal informed consent for the switch in antiretroviral therapy (ART) to RPV/DTG . The mean age of the 291 participants was 51.3 years; 77.7% were male; and 42.9% were in the AIDS stage with a CD4 nadir of 283.5 ± 204.6 cells/uL. The median time since HIV diagnosis was 19.7 years (IQR: 10.6-27). Before 2DR, patients received a median of five ART lines (IQR: 3-7) for 22.2 years (IQR: 14-26), with 34.4% ( = 100) receiving a three-drug regimen (3DR), 31.3% ( = 91) receiving monotherapy, and 34.4% ( = 100) receiving 2DR. The median time on RPV/DTG was 14 months (IQR: 9.5-21); 1.4% were lost to the follow-up. Effectiveness was 96.2% by intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis, 97.5% by modified ITT, and 99.3% by per-protocol analysis. Virological failure was observed in 0.69%, blips in 3.5%, and switch to another ART in 1.4%. The mean lipid profile improved, with reductions in TC/HDLc ratio (3.9 ± 0.9 vs. 3.6 ± 0.9; = 0.0001), LDLc (118.3 ± 32.2 mg/dL vs. 106.2 ± 29.8 mg/dL, = 0.0001), TG (130.9 ± 73.9 mg/dL vs. 115.9 ± 68.5 mg/dL, = 0.0001), and CD4/CD8 ratio increase (0.99 ± 0.58 vs. 1.01 ± 0.54; = 0.0001). The cost-effectiveness of 2DR with RPV/DTG was similar to that of DTG/3TC and superior to those of BIC/TAF/FTC and DRV/c/TAF/FTC, with higher virological suppression and lower annual costs. The switch to RPV plus DTG in STR is a cost-effective, long-lasting, and robust strategy for PLHIV, with a very long experience of treatment, which improves the lipid profile without affecting inflammatory markers.