Complications of Small Aperture Intracorneal Inlays: A Literature Review

• Published in: Life (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 13; no. 2; p. 312
• Main Authors: Sánchez-González, María Carmen, Gutiérrez-Sánchez, Estanislao, Sánchez-González, José-María, De-Hita-Cantalejo, Concepción, Pinero-Rodríguez, Ana-María, González-Cruces, Timoteo, Capote-Puente, Raúl
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.01.2023; MDPI
• Subjects: Aperture; Apertures; Care and treatment; Complications; Complications and side effects; Cornea; corneal inlay pinhole; Eye; Eye (anatomy); FDA approval; Fibrosis; Implants, Artificial; Intraocular lenses; intraoperative complications; KAMRA inlay; Laboratories; Lasers; Light; Literature reviews; Pinholes; Postoperative; postoperative complications; Presbyopia; Prosthesis; Review; SAICI; Search methods; small aperture intracorneal inlay; Surgery; Transplants & implants; Vision; Visual acuity; Spain; Fort Worth Texas; United States > US; Switzerland; intraoperative complications; refractive surgery; SAICI; KAMRA inlay; presbyopia; corneal inlay pinhole; postoperative complications; small aperture intracorneal inlay
• ISSN: 2075-1729; 2075-1729
• DOI: 10.3390/life13020312

Presbyopia can be defined as the refractive state of the eye in which, due to a physiological decrease in the ability to accommodate, it is not possible to sustain vision without fatigue in a prolonged manner, along with difficulty focusing near vision. It is estimated that its prevalence in 2030 will be approximately 2.1 billion people. Corneal inlays are an alternative in the correction of presbyopia. They are implanted beneath a laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap or in a pocket in the center of the cornea of the non-dominant eye. The purpose of this review is to provide information about intraoperative and postoperative KAMRA inlay complications in the available scientific literature. A search was conducted on PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus with the following search strategy: ("KAMRA inlay" OR "KAMRA" OR "corneal inlay pinhole" OR "pinhole effect intracorneal" OR "SAICI" OR "small aperture intracorneal inlay") AND ("complication" OR "explantation" OR "explanted" OR "retired"). The bibliography consulted shows that the insertion of a KAMRA inlay is an effective procedure that improves near vision with a slight decrease in distance vision. However, postoperative complications such as corneal fibrosis, epithelial iron deposits, and stromal haze are described.