The Helicobacter pylori cag pathogenicity island as a determinant of gastric cancer risk
Helicobacter pylori strains can be broadly classified into two groups based on whether they contain or lack a chromosomal region known as the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). Colonization of the human stomach with cag PAI-positive strains is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and...
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Published in | Gut microbes Vol. 16; no. 1; p. 2314201 |
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Main Authors | , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
United States
Taylor & Francis
31.12.2024
Taylor & Francis Group |
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Helicobacter pylori strains can be broadly classified into two groups based on whether they contain or lack a chromosomal region known as the cag pathogenicity island (cag PAI). Colonization of the human stomach with cag PAI-positive strains is associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease, compared to colonization with cag PAI-negative strains. The cag PAI encodes a secreted effector protein (CagA) and components of a type IV secretion system (Cag T4SS) that delivers CagA and non-protein substrates into host cells. Animal model experiments indicate that CagA and the Cag T4SS stimulate a gastric mucosal inflammatory response and contribute to the development of gastric cancer. In this review, we discuss recent studies defining structural and functional features of CagA and the Cag T4SS and mechanisms by which H. pylori strains containing the cag PAI promote the development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer disease. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Review-3 content type line 23 These authors contributed equally. |
ISSN: | 1949-0976 1949-0984 1949-0984 |
DOI: | 10.1080/19490976.2024.2314201 |