Detection and Classification of Stroke Gaits by Deep Neural Networks Employing Inertial Measurement Units

• Published in: Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 21; no. 5; p. 1864
• Main Authors: Wang, Fu-Cheng, Chen, Szu-Fu, Lin, Chin-Hsien, Shih, Chih-Jen, Lin, Ang-Chieh, Yuan, Wei, Li, You-Chi, Kuo, Tien-Yun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 07.03.2021; MDPI
• Subjects: Accuracy; Adult; Algorithms; Artificial Intelligence; Classification; deep learning; Female; Gait; gait recognition; Humans; IMU (inertial measurement unit); Machine learning; Male; Medical research; Middle Aged; neural network; Neural networks; Neural Networks, Computer; Parkinson's disease; Patients; Physical therapists; Rehabilitation; Stroke; Stroke - diagnosis; stroke gait; Walking; United States > US; deep learning; IMU (inertial measurement unit); gait recognition; stroke gait; neural network
• ISSN: 1424-8220; 1424-8220
• DOI: 10.3390/s21051864

This paper develops Deep Neural Network (DNN) models that can recognize stroke gaits. Stroke patients usually suffer from partial disability and develop abnormal gaits that can vary widely and need targeted treatments. Evaluation of gait patterns is crucial for clinical experts to make decisions about the medication and rehabilitation strategies for the stroke patients. However, the evaluation is often subjective, and different clinicians might have different diagnoses of stroke gait patterns. In addition, some patients may present with mixed neurological gaits. Therefore, we apply artificial intelligence techniques to detect stroke gaits and to classify abnormal gait patterns. First, we collect clinical gait data from eight stroke patients and seven healthy subjects. We then apply these data to develop DNN models that can detect stroke gaits. Finally, we classify four common gait abnormalities seen in stroke patients. The developed models achieve an average accuracy of 99.35% in detecting the stroke gaits and an average accuracy of 97.31% in classifying the gait abnormality. Based on the results, the developed DNN models could help therapists or physicians to diagnose different abnormal gaits and to apply suitable rehabilitation strategies for stroke patients.