Effective nasal influenza vaccine delivery using chitosan

• Published in: Vaccine Vol. 23; no. 35; pp. 4367 - 4374
• Main Authors: Read, Robert C., Naylor, Simone C., Potter, Christopher W., Bond, Jenny, Jabbal-Gill, Inderjit, Fisher, Anthony, Illum, Lisbeth, Jennings, Roy
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford Elsevier Ltd 15.08.2005; Elsevier; Elsevier Limited
• Subjects: Administration, Intranasal; Adolescent; Adult; Antigens; Applied microbiology; Biological and medical sciences; Chitin - administration & dosage; Chitin - analogs & derivatives; Chitosan; Drug Delivery Systems; Female; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Immune response; Immunization; Influenza; Influenza Vaccines - administration & dosage; Influenza Vaccines - adverse effects; Influenza Vaccines - therapeutic use; Influenza virus; Male; Microbiology; Middle Aged; Nasal influenza vaccination; Polymers; Serum haemagglutination inhibition; Studies; Vaccination; Vaccines; Vaccines, antisera, therapeutical immunoglobulins and monoclonal antibodies (general aspects); Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage; Vaccines, Attenuated - adverse effects; Vaccines, Attenuated - therapeutic use; Serum haemagglutination inhibition; Nasal influenza vaccination; Chitosan; Infection; Viral disease; Influenza; Vaccination; Serum; Vaccine
• ISSN: 0264-410X; 1873-2518
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.04.021

Nasal influenza vaccination may prove to be a good alternative to parenteral injection because of the enhancement of the mucosal immune response and the ease of vaccine administration. This study investigated the use of chitosan, a bioadhesive polymer, as a nasal delivery system with inactivated, subunit influenza vaccine. Subjects received nasally 15 or 7.5 μg of the standard inactivated trivalent influenza vaccine with chitosan or 15 μg of the same vaccine intramuscularly. Serum haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres for all three vaccine components were measured prior to, and at time points up to 14 weeks after dosing. Serum HI titres following intranasal vaccination with the nasal chitosan-influenza vaccine met the criteria set by the Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products in terms of seroprotection rate, seroconversion rate and mean fold increase of HI titre for at least one of the three antigens in the vaccination schedules used. These data show that nasal immunisation with chitosan plus trivalent inactivated influenza is a potentially effective, easily-administered form of vaccination.