Medicinal Perspective of 2,4‐Thiazolidinediones Derivatives: An Insight into Recent Advancements

• Published in: ChemistryOpen (Weinheim) Vol. 13; no. 11; pp. e202400147 - n/a
• Main Authors: Gupta, Sneha, Jha, Sumeet, Rani, Supriya, Arora, Pinky, Kumar, Shubham
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.11.2024; John Wiley and Sons Inc; Wiley-VCH
• Subjects: 2,4-Thiazolidinedione; Animals; Anti-Infective Agents - chemistry; Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - chemistry; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Anticancer; Anticonvulsants; Anticonvulsants - chemistry; Anticonvulsants - pharmacology; Anticonvulsants - therapeutic use; Antidiabetics; Antimicrobial; Antimicrobial agents; Antineoplastic Agents - chemistry; Antineoplastic Agents - pharmacology; Antioxidants - chemistry; Antioxidants - pharmacology; Apoptosis; Biological activity; Biological properties; Cancer; Cell cycle; Cell growth; Chemical synthesis; Corrosion prevention; Cytokines; Cytotoxicity; Diabetes; Diabetes mellitus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - drug therapy; Enzymes; Fractures; Gene expression; Glucose; Gram-negative bacteria; Heart failure; Heterocyclic compounds; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents - chemistry; Hypoglycemic Agents - metabolism; Hypoglycemic Agents - pharmacology; Hypoglycemic Agents - therapeutic use; In vivo methods and tests; Insulin resistance; Mechanism of Action; Metabolism; Pharmaceuticals; Pharmacokinetics; Pharmacology; Recent Advances; Review; RNA polymerase; Side effects; Structure-Activity Relationship; Thiazolidinediones - chemistry; Thiazolidinediones - pharmacology; Thiazolidinediones - therapeutic use; United States > US; Antimicrobial; Recent Advances; Mechanism of Action; Review; Anticancer; 2,4-Thiazolidinedione
• ISSN: 2191-1363; 2191-1363
• DOI: 10.1002/open.202400147

2,4‐Thiazolidinedione derivatives represent nitrogen‐containing heterocyclic compounds utilized in type 2 diabetes mellitus management. Recent advances in medicinal chemistry have unveiled diverse therapeutic potentials and structural modifications of these derivatives. This review delves into novel TZD derivatives, encompassing their synthesis, structure‐activity relationships, and pharmacokinetic profiles. Various therapeutic potentials of TZDs are explored, including anticancer, antimicrobial, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, anticonvulsant, antihyperlipidemic, anticorrosive, and antitubercular activities. Additionally, it addresses mitigating side effects associated with marketed TZD derivatives such as weight gain, oedema, fractures, and congestive heart failure in type 2 diabetes mellitus management. The review elaborates on in vivo, in vitro, and ex vivo studies supporting different biological activities, alongside predicting ADME and drug‐likeness properties of TZDs. Computational studies are also integrated to elucidate binding modes and affinities of novel TZD derivatives. Furthermore, a plethora of novel TZD derivatives with varied and enhanced therapeutic potentials are presented, warranting further evaluation of their biological activities. This article reviews recent advancements in the medicinal chemistry of 2,4‐thiazolidinedione derivatives, focusing on their synthesis, characterization, and therapeutic potential. Emphasis is placed on their roles in treating various diseases, highlighting their significance in medicinal chemistry and future perspectives.