The global epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae

• Published in: Virulence Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 460 - 469
• Main Authors: van Duin, David, Doi, Yohei
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 19.05.2017
• Subjects: carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae - isolation & purification; carbapenemases; Disease Transmission, Infectious; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - epidemiology; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - microbiology; Enterobacteriaceae Infections - transmission; epidemiology; Gene Transfer, Horizontal; global; Global Health; Humans; Pandemics; plasmid; Reviews; carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae; plasmid; epidemiology; global; carbapenemases
• ISSN: 2150-5594; 2150-5608
• DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1222343

Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are an important and increasing threat to global health. Both clonal spread and plasmid-mediated transmission contribute to the ongoing rise in incidence of these bacteria. Among the 4 classes of β-lactamases defined by the Ambler classification system, the carbapenemases that confer carbapenem resistance in Enterobacteriaceae belong to 3 of them: Class A (K. pneumoniae carbapenemases, KPC), Class B (metallo-β-lactamases, MBL including New Delhi metallo-β-lactamases, NDM) and Class D (OXA-48-like carbapenemases). KPC-producing CPE are the most commonly occurring CPE in the United States. MBL-producing CPE have been most commonly associated with the Indian Subcontinent as well as with specific countries in Europe, including Romania, Denmark, Spain, and Hungary. The epicenter of OXA-48-like-producing is in Turkey and surrounding countries. Detailed knowledge of the epidemiology and molecular characteristics of CPE is essential to stem the spread of these pathogens.