Serological responses to rotavirus NSP2 following administration of RV3-BB human neonatal rotavirus vaccine

• Published in: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics Vol. 14; no. 8; pp. 2082 - 2087
• Main Authors: Cowley, Daniel, Pavlic, Daniel, Bogdanovic-Sakran, Nada, Boniface, Karen, Kirkwood, Carl D., Bines, Julie E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Taylor & Francis 01.01.2018; Taylor & Francis Group
• Subjects: Administration, Oral; Antibodies, Viral - blood; Antibodies, Viral - immunology; Biomarkers - analysis; diarrhoea; Genotype; Humans; Immunization Schedule; Immunogenicity, Vaccine; Infant; Infant, Newborn; neonates; New Zealand; Research Paper; RNA-Binding Proteins - genetics; RNA-Binding Proteins - immunology; Rotavirus; Rotavirus - genetics; Rotavirus - immunology; Rotavirus Infections - immunology; Rotavirus Infections - prevention & control; Rotavirus Infections - virology; Rotavirus Vaccines - administration & dosage; Rotavirus Vaccines - immunology; RV3-BB; Serologic Tests - methods; serological response; vaccines; Vaccines, Attenuated - administration & dosage; Vaccines, Attenuated - immunology; Viral Nonstructural Proteins - genetics; Viral Nonstructural Proteins - immunology; New Zealand; neonates; Rotavirus; diarrhoea; serological response; vaccines; RV3-BB
• ISSN: 2164-5515; 2164-554X
• DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2018.1467202

Serum rotavirus IgA responses are an imperfect non-mechanistic correlate of protection, and the lack of an accurate serological marker is a challenge to the development of new rotavirus vaccines. Serological responses to rotavirus NSP2 occur following wild-type infection; however, it is unknown if serological responses to NSP2 occur following administration of rotavirus vaccines. The phase IIa immunogenicity trial of RV3-BB provided an opportunity to investigate the serological responses to NSP2 following vaccination. Healthy, full-term babies (n = 96) were previously recruited as part of a phase IIa safety and immunogenicity trial in Dunedin, New Zealand between January 2012 and April 2014. Participants received three doses of oral RV3-BB vaccine with the first dose given at 0-5 days after birth (neonatal schedule), or the first dose given at about 8 weeks after birth (infant schedule), or to receive placebo (placebo schedule). Serum IgA and IgG antibody responses to total RV3-BB and NSP2 protein (RV3-BB) were assessed using ELISA. Despite significant serum IgA response against total RV3-BB, we were unable to demonstrate a significant serological response to NSP2 in participants receiving RV3-BB when compared to placebo. Heterotypic antibodies against multiple NSP2 genotypes were detected following RV3-BB vaccination. Our data demonstrates that while serological responses to NSP2 were detectable in a subset of participants, it is a less useful marker when compared to total rotavirus serum IgA response.