Variation in fatty acid distribution of different acyl lipids in rice (Oryza sativa L.) brans

• Published in: Nutrients Vol. 3; no. 4; pp. 505 - 514
• Main Authors: Yoshida, Hiromi, Tanigawa, Takaaki, Kuriyama, Isoko, Yoshida, Naoko, Tomiyama, Yuka, Mizushina, Yoshiyuki
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 01.04.2011; MDPI
• Subjects: Cholesterol; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Cultivars; different acyl lipids; fatty acid distributions; Fatty acids; Fatty Acids - analysis; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified - analysis; Hydrolysis; Japan; Life sciences; Lipids; Lipids - analysis; Oryza - chemistry; phospholipids; Phospholipids - analysis; Quality standards; rice bran lipids; Seeds - chemistry; Species Specificity; triacylglycerols; Triglycerides - analysis; Japan; United States > US; Germany; different acyl lipids; triacylglycerols; phospholipids; rice bran lipids; fatty acid distributions
• ISSN: 2072-6643; 2072-6643
• DOI: 10.3390/nu3040505

The lipids extracted from rice brans were classified by thin-layer chromatography into eight fractions, and their fatty acid (FA) compositions were investigated among five different Japanese cultivars. The lipids of these rice brans comprised mainly triacylglycerols (TAG; 84.9-86.0 wt%), free FA (4.2-4.6 wt%), and phospholipids (PL; 6.5-6.7 wt%), whilst other components were also detected in minor proportions (0.2-2.1 wt%). The PL components included phosphatidyl choline (43.3-46.8 wt%) phosphatidyl ethanolamine (25.0-27.3 wt%) and phosphatidyl inositol (20.2-23.2 wt%). Comparison of the different cultivars showed, with a few exceptions, no substantial difference (P > 0.05) in FA distribution. FA distribution of TAG among the five cultivars was characterized as: unsaturated FA predominantly concentrated at the sn-2 position and saturated FA primarily occupying the sn-1 or sn-3 position in these lipids. These results suggest that the rice bran lipids may be well incorporated into our daily diet to improve nutritional value of the Japanese diet.