Risk of transmitting meningococcal infection by transient contact on aircraft and other transport

• Published in: Epidemiology and infection Vol. 137; no. 8; pp. 1057 - 1061
• Main Authors: RACHAEL, T., SCHUBERT, K., HELLENBRAND, W., KRAUSE, G., STUART, J. M.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 01.08.2009
• Subjects: Air travel; Aircraft; Aviation; Biological and medical sciences; Contact Tracing; Disease control; Disease risk; Disease transmission; Epidemiology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Infections; meningococcal disease; Meningococcal Infections - transmission; Microbiology; Mycobacterium; Neisseria meningitidis; Operating rooms; Passengers; Preventive medicine; Pulmonary tuberculosis; Review Article; Risk; School buses; transient contact; transmission; Travel; Tuberculosis; United States > US; epidemiology; meningococcal disease; transmission; transient contact; Aircraft; Infection; Human; Bacteriosis; Microbiology; Epidemiology; Meningococcal disease
• ISSN: 0950-2688; 1469-4409
• DOI: 10.1017/S0950268809002398

Contact tracing of persons with meningococcal disease who have travelled on aeroplanes or other multi-passenger transport is not consistent between countries. We searched the literature for clusters of meningococcal disease linked by transient contact on the same plane, train, bus or boat. We found reports of two clusters in children on the same school bus and one in passengers on the same plane. Cases within each of these three clusters were due to strains that were genetically indistinguishable. In the aeroplane cluster the only link between the two cases was through a single travel episode. The onset of illness (2 and 5 days after the flight) is consistent with infection from an unidentified carrier around the time of air travel. In contrast to the established risk of transmission from a case of tuberculosis, it is likely that the risk from a case of meningococcal disease to someone who is not identified as a close contact is exceedingly low. This should be considered in making international recommendations for passenger contact tracing after a case of meningococcal disease on a plane or other multi-passenger transport.