Strain-specific colonization pattern of Rhizoctonia antagonists in the root system of sugar beet

• Published in: FEMS microbiology ecology Vol. 74; no. 1; pp. 124 - 135
• Main Authors: Zachow, Christin, Fatehi, Jamshid, Cardinale, Massimiliano, Tilcher, Ralf, Berg, Gabriele
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Oxford, UK Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2010; Blackwell; Oxford University Press
• Subjects: Animal, plant and microbial ecology; Antagonists; Antibiosis; Bacteria; BCA; Beta vulgaris - microbiology; Biological and medical sciences; Biological control; Cell culture; Coculture Techniques; Colonization; Confocal microscopy; DsRed; Ecology; Endophytes; Fluorescence; fluorescence labelling; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Fungi; GFP; Green fluorescent protein; Microbial ecology; Microbiology; Microscopic analysis; Miscellaneous; Mycology; Plant Diseases - prevention & control; Plant growth; Plant Roots - microbiology; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas - growth & development; Pseudomonas fluorescens; Rhizoctonia; Rhizoctonia - growth & development; Rhizoctonia solani; Rhizosphere; Roots; Scanning microscopy; Serratia - growth & development; Serratia plymuthica; Soil Microbiology; Spores; Strains (organisms); Sugar; sugar beet; Trichoderma; Trichoderma - growth & development; GFP; DsRed; BCA; fluorescence labelling; sugar beet; rhizosphere; Rhizoctonia; Root; Fluorescence; Strain specificity; Beta vulgaris var. saccharata; Chenopodiaceae; Fungi; Rhizosphere; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Spermatophyta; Fungi Imperfecti; Antagonist; Colonization
• ISSN: 0168-6496; 1574-6941
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00930.x

To develop effective biocontrol strategies, basic knowledge of plant growth promotion (PGP) and root colonization by antagonists is essential. The survival and colonization patterns of five different biocontrol agents against Rhizoctonia solani AG2-2IIIB in the rhizosphere of greenhouse-grown sugar beet plants were analysed in single and combined treatments. The study included bacteria (Pseudomonas fluorescens L13-6-12, Pseudomonas trivialis RE*1-1-14, Serratia plymuthica 3Re4-18) as well as fungi (Trichoderma gamsii AT1-2-4, Trichoderma velutinum G1/8). Microscopic analysis by confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed different colonization patterns for each DsRed2/green fluorescent protein-labelled strain. Bacteria and T. velutinum G1/8 colonized the root surface and the endorhiza in single and co-culture, while for T. gamsii AT1-2-4, only the transfer of spores was observed. Whereas Pseudomonas strains formed large microcolonies consisting of hundreds of cells, S. plymuthica was arranged in small endophytic clusters or clouds around the entire root system. In co-culture, each strain showed its typical pattern and occupied specific niches on the root, without clear evidence of morphological interactions. PGP was only observed for four strains with rhizosphere competence and not for T. gamsii AT1-2-4. The results provide useful information on which combination of strains to test in larger biocontrol experiments directed to applications.