Bead-Containing Superhydrophobic Nanofiber Membrane for Membrane Distillation

• Published in: Membranes (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 6; p. 120
• Main Authors: Talukder, Md Eman, Talukder, Md. Romon, Pervez, Md. Nahid, Song, Hongchen, Naddeo, Vincenzo
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 23.05.2024; MDPI
• Subjects: Aquatic resources; bead nanofiber membrane; Carbon; China; Contact angle; Desalination; Distillation; Efficiency; electrospinning; Force and energy; Fourier transforms; Green technology; Hydrophobic surfaces; Hydrophobicity; Materials handling; membrane distillation; Membranes; Morphology; Nanofibers; Oxidation; Permeability; Polyethersulfones; polymer; Polymers; Rejection; Room temperature; Saline water conversion; Salt rejection; Sodium chloride; Solar energy; Sulfuric acid; superhydrophobicity; Surface properties; Surface roughness; Thermal stability; Water; Water purification; China; polymer; salt rejection; superhydrophobicity; bead nanofiber membrane; electrospinning; membrane distillation
• ISSN: 2077-0375; 2077-0375
• DOI: 10.3390/membranes14060120

This study introduces an innovative approach to enhancing membrane distillation (MD) performance by developing bead-containing superhydrophobic sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) nanofibers with S-MWCNTs. By leveraging SPES’s inherent hydrophobicity and thermal stability, combined with a nanostructured fibrous configuration, we engineered beads designed to optimize the MD process for water purification applications. Here, oxidized hydrophobic S-MWCNTs were dispersed in a SPES solution at concentrations of 0.5% and 1.0% by weight. These bead membranes are fabricated using a novel electrospinning technique, followed by a post-treatment with the hydrophobic polyfluorinated grafting agent to augment nanofiber membrane surface properties, thereby achieving superhydrophobicity with a water contact angle (WCA) of 145 ± 2° and a higher surface roughness of 512 nm. The enhanced membrane demonstrated a water flux of 87.3 Lm−2 h−1 and achieved nearly 99% salt rejection efficiency at room temperature, using a 3 wt% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution as the feed. The results highlight the potential of superhydrophobic SPES nanofiber beads in revolutionizing MD technology, offering a scalable, efficient, and robust membrane for salt rejection.