Polyphenol-based nutraceuticals for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease: Review of human evidence

• Published in: Phytomedicine (Stuttgart) Vol. 23; no. 11; pp. 1145 - 1174
• Main Authors: Tomé-Carneiro, Joao, Visioli, Francesco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Germany Elsevier GmbH 15.10.2016; Urban & Fischer Verlag
• Subjects: Cardiovascular disease; Cardiovascular diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases - drug therapy; Cardiovascular Diseases - prevention & control; Care and treatment; Composition; Dietary Supplements; Forecasts and trends; Functional Food; Functional foods; Gastrointestinal Microbiome - drug effects; Health aspects; Herb-Drug Interactions; Humans; Inflammation - drug therapy; Nutraceuticals; Polyphenols; Polyphenols - administration & dosage; Polyphenols - pharmacology; Prevention; Preventive medicine; Randomized controlled trials; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; T2DM; PPE; Cardiovascular disease; HPOO; OLE; MDA; HT; BP; Randomized controlled trials; AIx; HHQ; DBP; TXB2; Functional foods; EDV; Polyphenols; GSE; oxLDL; CGA; FMD; RHR; GE; Nutraceuticals; SBP; CF; C-IMT; EGCG; CAD; GCE; GAE; LDLc; ATCNs; PWV; CVD; NMP; HDLc; PSV; CAS; RCTs; VOO; GTE; HOMA; PJ; TP; CHD
• ISSN: 0944-7113; 1618-095X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.10.018

In addition to prescription drugs, nutraceuticals/functional foods/medical foods are being increasingly added as adjunct treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), even though most of them have been exclusively studied in vitro. We review the available evidence (focusing on when the amount of polyphenols’ intake was measured) coming from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of (poly)phenol-based supplements. We conclude that (poly)phenol-based nutraceuticals and functional foods might be indeed used as adjunct therapy of CVD, but additional long-term RCTs with adequate numerosity and with clinically relevant end points are needed to provide unequivocal evidence of their clinical usefulness. [Display omitted]