Characterization and rheological study of the galactomannan extracted from seeds of Cassia grandis

• Published in: Carbohydrate polymers Vol. 104; no. 1; pp. 127 - 134
• Main Authors: Albuquerque, Priscilla B.S., Barros, Wilson, Santos, Gustavo R.C., Correia, Maria T.S., Mourão, Paulo A.S., Teixeira, José A., Carneiro-da-Cunha, Maria G.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 15.04.2014; Elsevier 1; Elsevier
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Biological and medical sciences; Cassia - anatomy & histology; Cassia - chemistry; Cassia grandis; Characterization; Chemical constitution; Elasticity; Exact sciences and technology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Galactomannan; Mannans - chemistry; Natural polymers; NMR; Physicochemistry of polymers; Plant Extracts - chemistry; Plant physiology and development; Rheology; Science & Technology; Seeds - chemistry; Starch and polysaccharides; Viscosity; X-ray; Characterization; NMR; Galactomannan; X-ray; Rheology; Cassia grandis; Viscoelasticity; Seeds; Molecular structure; Shear flow; Solvent extraction; Dicotyledones; Angiospermae; Gelation; Physical gel; Experimental study; Shear thinning; Leguminosae; Concentration effect; Plant origin; Oside polymer; Spermatophyta; Hydrogel; Aqueous solution; Flow curve
• ISSN: 0144-8617; 1879-1344; 0144-8617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.010

•The galactomannan from Cassia grandis seeds was extracted.•X-ray, FTIR, GC/MS and RMN spectra were performed to characterize the galactomannan.•Steady shear and dynamic viscoelastic properties were studied.•The galactomannan exhibits shear thinning non Newtonian behavior.•The galactomannan showed viscosity modifier properties. Galactomannan extracted from seeds of Cassia grandis with 0.1M NaCl, followed by ethanol precipitation, presented a yield of 36±8%. The polysaccharide has a constant mannose/galactose ratio (2.44:1). Methylation analysis, one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy confirmed that the polysaccharide has a central core composed of 4-linked β-mannose units, with branches of galactose, linked to the carbohydrate core through α(1–6) linkage. The amorphous nature of the galactomannan was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. Rheological characterization exhibited Newtonian plateaus followed by shear-thinning zones characteristic of polymer solutions up to 1.5% (w/v) and above this value the system exhibited yield stress associated with a weak gel. Adjusting stress-strain curves confirmed a 1.6% (w/v) as the galactomannan concentration value for the sol–gel transition. These results indicate that the galactomannan extracted from C. grandis seeds presents rheological characteristics suitable for applications in pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic and food industries.