Peste des petits ruminants

• Published in: Veterinary microbiology Vol. 181; no. 1-2; pp. 90 - 106
• Main Authors: Parida, S., Muniraju, M., Mahapatra, M., Muthuchelvan, D., Buczkowski, H., Banyard, A.C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 14.12.2015; Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co
• Subjects: Africa - epidemiology; Animals; Asia - epidemiology; Control and eradication; Country-wise virus circulation; Host Specificity; Live attenuated vaccine; Middle East - epidemiology; Molecular evolution; Pathogenesis; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants - diagnosis; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants - epidemiology; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants - prevention & control; Peste-des-Petits-Ruminants - virology; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus - classification; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus - genetics; Peste-des-petits-ruminants virus - physiology; Potential DIVA and multivalent vaccine; PPR; Reverse genetics; Ruminants - immunology; Ruminants - virology; Viral Vaccines - immunology; Viral Vaccines - therapeutic use; Middle East; Asia; Africa; Molecular evolution; Potential DIVA and multivalent vaccine; Control and eradication; PPR; Live attenuated vaccine; Pathogenesis; Reverse genetics; Country-wise virus circulation
• ISSN: 0378-1135; 1873-2542
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2015.08.009

Peste des petits ruminants virus causes a highly infectious disease of small ruminants that is endemic across Africa, the Middle East and large regions of Asia. The virus is considered to be a major obstacle to the development of sustainable agriculture across the developing world and has recently been targeted by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) for eradication with the aim of global elimination of the disease by 2030. Fundamentally, the vaccines required to successfully achieve this goal are currently available, but the availability of novel vaccine preparations to also fulfill the requisite for differentiation between infected and vaccinated animals (DIVA) may reduce the time taken and the financial costs of serological surveillance in the later stages of any eradication campaign. Here, we overview what is currently known about the virus, with reference to its origin, updated global circulation, molecular evolution, diagnostic tools and vaccines currently available to combat the disease. Further, we comment on recent developments in our knowledge of various recombinant vaccines and on the potential for the development of novel multivalent vaccines for small ruminants.