Primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma

• Published in: Thoracic cancer Vol. 12; no. 21; pp. 2831 - 2837
• Main Authors: Yu, Yating, Dong, Xifeng, Tu, Meifeng, Wang, Huaquan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Melbourne John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd 01.11.2021; John Wiley & Sons, Inc; Wiley
• Subjects: Biopsy; Bone marrow; Chemotherapy; diagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Disease; drug therapy; Epidemiology; Gene expression; Humans; immunotherapy; Lymphoma; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - diagnostic imaging; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse - therapy; Mediastinal Neoplasms - diagnostic imaging; Mediastinal Neoplasms - therapy; Medical prognosis; Metastasis; Patients; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma; Radiation therapy; Remission (Medicine); Review; diagnosis; drug therapy; primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma; immunotherapy
• ISSN: 1759-7706; 1759-7714
• DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.14155

Primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is an aggressive large B cell lymphoma originating in the mediastinum, that mainly expresses B cell surface molecules, such as CD19, CD20, CD22, andCD79a. Clinically, they are characterized by rapidly increasing anterior mediastinal masses, which can cause compression of the surrounding tissues. The diagnosis of PMBCL mainly depends on the pathological features, imaging examination and clinical features. Currently, the most commonly used therapeutic regimens are R‐CHOP and R‐EPOCH. Radiotherapy is beneficial in some patients, but it can also lead to long‐term toxicity. The research and development of novel therapies are ongoing, and some studies have achieved encouraging results, including those conducted on chimeric antigen receptor‐modified T (CAR‐T) cell therapy and anti‐PD‐1 drugs. However, randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes are still needed. Positron emission tomography‐computed tomography (PET‐CT) is mainly used to assess the curative effect after treatment and to guide the subsequent treatment strategy. Management of PMBCL. CR, complete remission; PR, partial remission; PD, progressive disease; SD, stable disease; HDT/ASCR, high‐dose therapy followed by autologous stem cell rescue.